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Research ArticleBasic Science Investigation

89Zr-DFO-J591 for ImmunoPET of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Expression In Vivo

Jason P. Holland, Vadim Divilov, Neil H. Bander, Peter M. Smith-Jones, Steven M. Larson and Jason S. Lewis
Journal of Nuclear Medicine August 2010, 51 (8) 1293-1300; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.110.076174
Jason P. Holland
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Vadim Divilov
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Neil H. Bander
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Peter M. Smith-Jones
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Steven M. Larson
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Jason S. Lewis
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  • FIGURE 1.
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    FIGURE 1.

    (A) Complexation reaction between [89Zr(C2O4)4]4− and DFO. (B) DFT-optimized structure of 8-coordinate complex [89Zr(HDFO)-cis-(H2O)2]2+ (3-cis).

  • FIGURE 2.
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    FIGURE 2.

    PET images showing maximum intensity projection of 89Zr-chloride and 89Zr-oxalate at 24 h after intravenous administration and dynamic PET images of 89Zr-DFO at 1 and 4 min after injection. For maximum-intensity-projection images, upper and lower intensity thresholds were set at 100% and 0%, respectively. Further details are presented in Supplemental Figures 3–6. MIP = maximum intensity projection.

  • FIGURE 3.
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    FIGURE 3.

    Bar chart showing selected tissue biodistribution data (%ID/g) for uptake of either high- (181.7 ± 1.1 MBq/mg [4.91 ± 0.03 mCi/mg]; 3–4 μg of mAb per mouse) or low-specific-activity (60-fold decrease, 3.04 MBq/mg [0.082 mCi/mg]; 300 μg of mAb per mouse) formulations of 89Zr-DFO-J591 (0.55–0.74 MBq [15–20 μCi], in 200 μL of sterile saline for injection) in male athymic nu/nu mice bearing subcutaneous LNCaP (PSMA-positive) or PC-3 (PSMA-negative) tumors.

  • FIGURE 4.
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    FIGURE 4.

    Temporal immunoPET images of 89Zr-DFO-J591 (10.9–11.3 MBq [295–305 μCi], 60–62 μg of mAb, in 200 μL of sterile saline) recorded in LNCaP tumor–bearing (PSMA-positive, left shoulder) (A) and PC-3 tumor–bearing (PSMA-negative, right shoulder) (B) mice between 3 and 144 h after injection. Transverse and coronal planar images intersect center of tumors, and mean tumor-to-muscle ratios derived from volume-of-interest analysis of immunoPET images are given. Upper thresholds of immunoPET have been adjusted for visual clarity, as indicated by scale bars.

  • FIGURE 5.
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    FIGURE 5.

    Time–activity curves derived by volume-of-interest analysis of immunoPET images showing mean %ID/g tissue uptake vs. time/h for 89Zr-DFO-J591 radiotracer accumulation in mice bearing subcutaneous LNCaP (PSMA-positive) or PC-3 (PSMA-negative) tumors. Complete time–activity curve data for 89Zr-DFO-J591 immunoPET imaging is given in supplemental materials (Supplemental Tables 9 and 10; Supplemental Figs. 11–13).

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    TABLE 1.

    Biodistribution Data of 89Zr-DFO-J591, Administered Intravenously to Mice Bearing Subcutaneous LNCaP Tumors

    Organ24 h (n = 4)48 h (n = 5)96 h (n = 5)144 h (n = 4)Block (300 μg of mAb) at 48 h (n = 4)
    Blood21.8 ± 2.84.4 ± 1.91.4 ± 0.82.6 ± 1.510.7 ± 0.4
    Tumor34.4 ± 3.238.0 ± 6.240.4 ± 4.845.8 ± 3.210.3 ± 0.8
    Heart7.4 ± 2.24.0 ± 1.31.7 ± 0.61.4 ± 0.53.8 ± 0.7
    Lung11.7 ± 1.95.7 ± 3.12.2 ± 0.92.5 ± 0.95.7 ± 0.3
    Liver11.7 ± 1.517.7 ± 1.617.2 ± 2.711.2 ± 1.65.1 ± 0.4
    Spleen8.8 ± 4.321.1 ± 0.324.6 ± 1.84.6 ± 2.43.1 ± 0.7
    Kidney10.1 ± 1.07.5 ± 1.55.1 ± 0.55.3 ± 0.55.1 ± 0.2
    Muscle1.1 ± 0.10.6 ± 0.30.4 ± 0.40.2 ± 0.20.8 ± 0.2
    Bone4.0 ± 0.88.2 ± 1.28.7 ± 1.57.4 ± 1.32.4 ± 0.3
    Tumor/blood1.6 ± 0.28.7 ± 4.129.7 ± 17.118.0 ± 10.51.0 ± 0.1
    Tumor/heart4.7 ± 1.59.6 ± 3.523.4 ± 9.031.9 ± 10.72.7 ± 0.5
    Tumor/lung2.9 ± 0.56.7 ± 3.718.4 ± 7.718.5 ± 6.81.8 ± 0.2
    Tumor/liver2.9 ± 0.52.1 ± 0.42.3 ± 0.54.1 ± 0.72.0 ± 0.2
    Tumor/spleen3.9 ± 1.91.8 ± 0.31.6 ± 0.29.9 ± 5.23.3 ± 0.8
    Tumor/kidney3.4 ± 0.55.1 ± 1.37.9 ± 1.28.6 ± 1.12.0 ± 0.2
    Tumor/muscle32.4 ± 4.659.2 ± 28.895.9 ± 95.3306.4 ± 432.213.3 ± 3.1
    Tumor/bone8.7 ± 1.94.7 ± 1.04.6 ± 1.06.2 ± 1.24.3 ± 0.6
    • Complete biodistribution data are presented in Supplemental Table 7. Data are expressed as mean %ID/g ± SD. Errors for tumor-to-tissue ratios are calculated as geometric mean of SD. LNCaP tumors: 3–4 μg mAb; PSMA-positive, 50–250 mm3.

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    TABLE 2.

    Biodistribution Data of 89Zr-DFO-J591, Administered Intravenously to Mice Bearing Subcutaneous PC-3 Tumors (3–4 μg of mAb)

    Organ48 h (n = 4)96 h (n = 3)
    Blood19.0 ± 1.113.0 ± 1.8
    Tumor15.6 ± 2.124.0 ± 2.6
    Heart6.8 ± 0.14.3 ± 0.9
    Lung12.6 ± 1.97.0 ± 2.3
    Liver12.4 ± 0.911.0 ± 1.6
    Spleen10.2 ± 2.07.2 ± 0.7
    Kidney10.5 ± 0.96.9 ± 1.6
    Muscle1.5 ± 0.40.9 ± 0.2
    Bone4.3 ± 0.65.1 ± 0.5
    Tumor/blood0.8 ± 0.11.8 ± 0.3
    Tumor/heart2.3 ± 0.35.6 ± 1.4
    Tumor/lung1.2 ± 0.33.4 ± 1.2
    Tumor/liver1.3 ± 0.22.2 ± 0.4
    Tumor/spleen1.5 ± 0.43.4 ± 0.5
    Tumor/kidney1.5 ± 0.23.5 ± 0.9
    Tumor/muscle10.4 ± 3.325.4 ± 5.8
    Tumor/bone3.6 ± 0.74.7 ± 0.7
    • Complete biodistribution data are presented in Supplemental Table 7. Data are expressed as mean %ID/g ± SD. Errors for tumor-to-tissue ratios are calculated as geometric mean of SD. PC-3 tumors: PSMA-negative, 70–90 mm3.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine: 51 (8)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Vol. 51, Issue 8
August 1, 2010
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89Zr-DFO-J591 for ImmunoPET of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Expression In Vivo
Jason P. Holland, Vadim Divilov, Neil H. Bander, Peter M. Smith-Jones, Steven M. Larson, Jason S. Lewis
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Aug 2010, 51 (8) 1293-1300; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.110.076174

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89Zr-DFO-J591 for ImmunoPET of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Expression In Vivo
Jason P. Holland, Vadim Divilov, Neil H. Bander, Peter M. Smith-Jones, Steven M. Larson, Jason S. Lewis
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Aug 2010, 51 (8) 1293-1300; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.110.076174
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