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Research ArticleCLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS

Evaluation of In Vivo P-Glycoprotein Function at the Blood–Brain Barrier Among MDR1 Gene Polymorphisms by Using 11C-Verapamil

Akihiro Takano, Hiroyuki Kusuhara, Tetsuya Suhara, Ichiro Ieiri, Takuya Morimoto, Young-Joo Lee, Jun Maeda, Yoko Ikoma, Hiroshi Ito, Kazutoshi Suzuki and Yuichi Sugiyama
Journal of Nuclear Medicine September 2006, 47 (9) 1427-1433;
Akihiro Takano
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Hiroyuki Kusuhara
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Tetsuya Suhara
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Ichiro Ieiri
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Takuya Morimoto
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Young-Joo Lee
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Jun Maeda
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Yoko Ikoma
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Hiroshi Ito
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Kazutoshi Suzuki
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Yuichi Sugiyama
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  • FIGURE 1. 
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    FIGURE 1. 

    CLuptake (mL/g/min) of 11C-verapamil between haplotypes TTT (1236TT, 2677TT, and 3435TT) vs. CGC (1236CC, 2677GG, and 3435CC). The mean of each haplotype is indicated by a horizontal bar.

  • FIGURE 2. 
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    FIGURE 2. 

    Time course of percentage of unmetabolized 11C-verapamil in plasma between haplotypes (1236TT, 2677TT, and 3435TT [○] vs. 1236CC, 2677GG, and 3435CC [•]). Error bars are shown as 1 SD.

  • FIGURE 3. 
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    FIGURE 3. 

    Correlation between CLuptake of integration plot and K1 (A), k2 (B), and DV (C) in 1-input, 1-compartment model. Linear regression is shown when correlation is significant.

  • FIGURE 4. 
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    FIGURE 4. 

    Correlation between CLuptake of integration plot and AUCratio_uncorrected (A) and AUCratio_corrected (B).

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    TABLE 1

    Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Intravenously Administered 11C-Verapamil of Haplotypes of MDR1 Genes

    Pharmacokinetic parameterTTTCGC
    AUCplasma (%dose × min/mL) (∼3 min)0.0206 ± 0.00580.0217 ± 0.0043
    AUCcortex (%dose × min/g) (∼3 min)0.0031 ± 0.00060.0031 ± 0.0005
    Cmax_cortex (%dose/g)0.00132 ± 0.00030.00128 ± 0.0002
    Tmax_cortex (min)0.31 ± 0.070.35 ± 0.13
    CLuptake (mL/g/min)0.053 ± 0.0110.051 ± 0.011
    VE (mL/g)0.0756 ± 0.01300.0700 ± 0.0108
    • AUCplasma = area under plasma concentration curve; AUCcortex = area under time–activity curve of ROIs in cortex; Cmax_cortex = maximal concentration in cortex; Tmax_cortex = time at maximal concentration in cortex; CLuptake = brain uptake clearance based on plasma concentration of 11C-verapamil; VE = initial DV in brain at time 0.

    • AUC values were calculated from 0 to 3 min after injection. TTT consisted of subjects with MDR1 genes of 1236TT, 2677TT, and 3435TT, whereas CGC consisted of subjects with MDR1 genes of 1236CC, 2677GG, and 3435CC. Each value is mean ± SD.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine: 47 (9)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Vol. 47, Issue 9
September 2006
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Evaluation of In Vivo P-Glycoprotein Function at the Blood–Brain Barrier Among MDR1 Gene Polymorphisms by Using 11C-Verapamil
Akihiro Takano, Hiroyuki Kusuhara, Tetsuya Suhara, Ichiro Ieiri, Takuya Morimoto, Young-Joo Lee, Jun Maeda, Yoko Ikoma, Hiroshi Ito, Kazutoshi Suzuki, Yuichi Sugiyama
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Sep 2006, 47 (9) 1427-1433;

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Evaluation of In Vivo P-Glycoprotein Function at the Blood–Brain Barrier Among MDR1 Gene Polymorphisms by Using 11C-Verapamil
Akihiro Takano, Hiroyuki Kusuhara, Tetsuya Suhara, Ichiro Ieiri, Takuya Morimoto, Young-Joo Lee, Jun Maeda, Yoko Ikoma, Hiroshi Ito, Kazutoshi Suzuki, Yuichi Sugiyama
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Sep 2006, 47 (9) 1427-1433;
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