Prognostic Value of 18F-FDG PET Radiomics Features at Baseline in PET-Guided Consolidation Strategy in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Machine-Learning Analysis from the GAINED Study

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FIGURE 1.
Mean ROC curves for models 1–5 (A) and 6–9 (B) for 2-y PFS classification.
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FIGURE 2.
Feature importance according to relative weight attached to each feature in LR model for models 6 (A) and 7 (B) for 2-y PFS classification. ECOG = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; SDmax = maximum distance between 2 lesions normalized by body surface area; TLG = total lesion glycolysis.
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FIGURE 3.
Example of RS for training set (A) and corresponding test set (C), along with associated Kaplan–Meier plots for PFS for training set (B) and test set (D). Low- and high-risk groups were dichotomized using median RS determined on training set and applied on test set.
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FIGURE 4.
Log-rank P values over 100 loops for 9 models considered for survival analysis study.
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FIGURE 5.
Mean ROC curves for models 1, 3, 4, and 5 (A) and for models that combined several features (B) for PET4 prediction. Model 7b = combination of clinical and conventional PET features; model 8b = combination of clinical and radiomics; model 9b = combination of clinical and conventional PET features and radiomics.

TABLE 1.

Description of Different Models

Model no.	Model name	Associated features
1	aaIPI	aaIPI
2	Consolidation	Chemotherapy regimen, autologous cell transplantation, salvage therapy
3	Clinical	Age, Ann Arbor stage, ECOG status, number of extranodal sites, LDH
4	Conventional PET	TMTV, total lesion glycolysis, SUV_max, sDmax
5	Radiomics PET	Selected RFs after selection step using largest lesion
6	Consolidation + clinical (models 2 + 3)	All features from clinical and consolidation
7	Consolidation + clinical + conventional PET (models 2 + 3 + 4)	All features from clinical, conventional (PET), and consolidation
8	Consolidation + clinical + radiomics PET (models 2 + 3 + 5)	All features from clinical, radiomics (PET), and consolidation
9	Consolidation + clinical + conventional PET + radiomics PET (models 2 + 3 + 4 + 5)	All features from clinical and conventional (PET), radiomics (PET). and consolidation

aaIPI = age-adjusted international prognostic index; ECOG = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; sDmax = maximum distance between 2 lesions normalized by body surface area.

TABLE 2.

Patient Characteristics

aaIPI = age-adjusted international prognostic index; CHOP = cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone.
Qualitative data are number and percentage; continuous data are mean and range.