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Research ArticleTheranostics

18F-rhPSMA-7 PET for the Detection of Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy

Matthias Eiber, Markus Kroenke, Alexander Wurzer, Lena Ulbrich, Lena Jooß, Tobias Maurer, Thomas Horn, Kilian Schiller, Thomas Langbein, Gabriel Buschner, Hans-Jürgen Wester and Wolfgang Weber
Journal of Nuclear Medicine May 2020, 61 (5) 696-701; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.119.234914
Matthias Eiber
1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Markus Kroenke
1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Alexander Wurzer
2Chair of Radiopharmacy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Lena Ulbrich
1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Lena Jooß
1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Tobias Maurer
3Department of Urology and Martini-Klinik, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Thomas Horn
4Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; and
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Kilian Schiller
5Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Thomas Langbein
1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Gabriel Buschner
1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Hans-Jürgen Wester
2Chair of Radiopharmacy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Wolfgang Weber
1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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  • FIGURE 1.
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    FIGURE 1.

    Overall detection rate of 18F-rhPSMA-7 PET stratified by PSA value.

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    FIGURE 2.

    Presence of 18F-rhPSMA-7–avid lesions stratified by PSA value.

  • FIGURE 3.
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    FIGURE 3.

    Set of images from 77-y-old patient who underwent radical prostatectomy in 2015 (Gleason score of 9, pT3b, pN1) and was experiencing rising PSA (0.15 ng/mL). (A) Whole-body maximum-intensity projection shows 4 sites with focal PSMA-ligand uptake in pelvis (arrows). (B–G) Axial fused PET/CT and CT images demonstrate local recurrence at anastomosis (B and C, arrow), additional local recurrence at dorsal bladder wall (D and E, arrow), and tiny lymph node metastasis in right pelvis (F and G, arrow). Targeted external-beam radiation treatment lead to subsequent PSA drop.

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    TABLE 1

    Patient Characteristics (n = 261)

    CharacteristicData
    Age at time of scan (y)72 (49–88)
    Further treatment
     External radiation after RP105 (40)
     Antihormonal treatment97 (3)
     ADT in 6 mo preceding scan67 (26)
    Gleason score
     ≤612 (4.6)
     7110 (42)
     ≥887 (33)
     Unknown52 (20)
    Pathologic primary tumor staging at RP
     pT276 (29)
     pT3138 (53)
     pT46 (2.3)
     Unknown41 (15)
    Pathologic regional lymph node staging at RP
     pN0146 (56)
     pN166 (25)
     pNx49 (19)
    Positive margin at RP
     R094 (36)
     R173 (28)
     Unknown94 (36)
    Initial PSA value (ng/mL)10.5 (0.09–290)
    Time between surgery and PET (mo)56 (0–336)
    Last PSA value before PET (ng/mL)*0.961 (0.01–400.0)
    Injected activity (MBq)336 (191–417)
    Uptake time (min)76 (50–220)
    • ↵* PSA value obtained within 4 wk before 18F-rhPSMA-7 PET examination.

    • RP = radical prostatectomy.

    • Qualitative data are expressed as numbers followed by percentages in parentheses; continuous data are expressed as median followed by range in parentheses.

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    TABLE 2

    PSA Level in Patients with Positive Vs. Negative 18F-rhPSMA-7 PET/CT Results

    PSA, mean ± SD (ng/mL)
    PPositive resultsNegative results
    0.0048.18 ± 39.12 (n = 211)0.91223 ± 2.06 (n = 50)
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    TABLE 3

    Distribution of 18F-rhPSMA-7–Avid Lesions Stratified by PSA Value

    Metastatic site
    PSA value (ng/mL)Local recurrencePelvic lymph nodesRetroperitoneal lymph nodesSupradiaphragmatic lymph nodesBoneViscera
    <0.24/22 (18%)3/22 (13.6%)0/22 (0%)0/22 (0%)2/22 (9.1%)0/22 (0%)
    0.2–<0.527/59 (46%)13/59 (22.0%)4/59 (6.8%)0/59 (0%)7/59 (12%)0/59 (0%)
    0.5–<121/51 (41%)19/51 (37.3)4/51 (7.8%)1/51 (2.0%)11/51 (22%)3/51 (5.9%)
    1–<222/49 (45%)24/49 (49.0%)8/49 (16%)4/49 (8.2%)8/49 (16%)1/49 (2.0%)
    ≥239/80 (49%)51/80 (63.8%)29/80 (36%)16/80 (20.0%)26/80 (33%)6/80 (7.5%)
    All patients113/261 (43%)110/261 (42%)45/261 (17%)21/261 (8%)54/261 (21%)10/261 (4%)

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine: 61 (5)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Vol. 61, Issue 5
May 1, 2020
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18F-rhPSMA-7 PET for the Detection of Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy
Matthias Eiber, Markus Kroenke, Alexander Wurzer, Lena Ulbrich, Lena Jooß, Tobias Maurer, Thomas Horn, Kilian Schiller, Thomas Langbein, Gabriel Buschner, Hans-Jürgen Wester, Wolfgang Weber
Journal of Nuclear Medicine May 2020, 61 (5) 696-701; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.234914

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18F-rhPSMA-7 PET for the Detection of Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy
Matthias Eiber, Markus Kroenke, Alexander Wurzer, Lena Ulbrich, Lena Jooß, Tobias Maurer, Thomas Horn, Kilian Schiller, Thomas Langbein, Gabriel Buschner, Hans-Jürgen Wester, Wolfgang Weber
Journal of Nuclear Medicine May 2020, 61 (5) 696-701; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.234914
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  • Unspecific 18F-PSMA-1007 Bone Uptake Evaluated Through PSMA-11 PET, Bone Scanning, and MRI Triple Validation in Patients with Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer
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  • Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of 177Lu-Labeled Radiohybrid PSMA Ligands for Endoradiotherapy of Prostate Cancer
  • Utility of 18F-rhPSMA-7.3 PET for Imaging of Primary Prostate Cancer and Preoperative Efficacy in N-Staging of Unfavorable Intermediate- to Very High-Risk Patients Validated by Histopathology
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  • Comparative Preclinical Biodistribution, Dosimetry, and Endoradiotherapy in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Using 19F/177Lu-rhPSMA-7.3 and 177Lu-PSMA I&T
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