Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
PET/CT image processing. Example of definition of bounding box used for segmentation of CT data: coronal 18F-FDG PET/CT image (A) and corresponding sagittal PET/CT image (B).
- FIGURE 2.
Transaxial PET/CT images of atherosclerotic plaque in ascending aorta: CT image (A), 18F-FDG PET image (B), 18F-fluoride PET image (C), and coregistered and fused 18F-FDG/18F-fluoride PET/CT image (D). Uptake of 18F-FDG coincides with calcification but not with 18F-fluoride accumulation. 18F-FDG activity adjacent to esophagus represents activity spillover from esophageal wall. Short arrow = calcification; long arrow = tracer uptake.
- FIGURE 3.
Transaxial PET/CT images of atherosclerotic plaque in aortic arch: CT image (A), 18F-FDG PET image (B), 18F-fluoride PET image (C), and coregistered and fused 18F-FDG/18F-fluoride PET/CT image (D). Accumulation of 18F-fluoride is colocalized with large calcification but not with 18F-FDG uptake. Short arrow = calcifications; long arrow = tracer uptake.
Tables
No. of subjects Parameter CT-positive 18F-fluoride PET–positive 18F-FDG PET–positive Total study population Subjects (n) 34 (75.6) 27 (60) 34 (75.6) 45 (100) Age at risk 28 (82.4) 24 (88.9) 27 (79.4) 29 (64.4) Male sex 16 (47.1) 12 (44.4) 15 (44.1) 21 (46.7) Body mass index > 25 14 (41.2) 9 (33.3) 13 (38.2) 17 (37.8) Cardiovascular risk factors (n) Hypertension 15 (44.1) 12 (44.4) 17 (50.0) 18 (40.0) Hypercholesterolemia 11 (32.4) 9 (33.3) 10 (29.4) 11 (24.4) Diabetes mellitus 3 (8.8) 2 (7.4) 3 (8.8) 3 (6.7) Smoking 16 (47.1) 13 (48.1) 16 (47.1) 17 (37.8) Prior vascular event 6 (17.6) 5 (18.5) 6 (17.6) 6 (13.3) Statin medication 7 (20.6) 7 (25.9) 7 (20.6) 7 (15.6) Values in parentheses are percentages.
Age at risk, 55 y or older for women or 45 y or older for men.
Parameter Left common carotid artery Right common carotid artery Ascending aorta Aortic arch Descending aorta Abdominal aorta Total No. of patients with uptake sites 11 (24.4) 12 (26.7) 10 (22.2) 16 (35.6) 4 (8.9) 17 (37.8) 27 (60) No. of uptake sites 16 (15.2) 15 (14.3) 13 (12.4) 27 (25.7) 4 (3.8) 30 (28.6) 105 (100) TBR Mean ± SD 2.3 ± 0.5 2.3 ± 0.7 2.5 ± 0.9 1.9 ± 0.5 2.1 ± 0.4 2.6 ± 0.8 2.3 ± 0.7 Range 1.6–3.3 1.5–3.6 1.2–5.0 1.4–3.4 1.8–2.5 1.5–4.7 1.2–5.0 Values in parentheses are percentages.
Parameter Left common carotid artery Right common carotid artery Ascending aorta Aortic arch Descending aorta Abdominal aorta Total No. of patients with uptake sites 4 (8.9) 10 (22.2) 21 (46.7) 18 (40.0) 14 (31.1) 29 (64.4) 34 (75.6) No. of uptake sites 5 (4.0) 11 (8.9) 24 (19.4) 19 (15.3) 17 (13.7) 48 (38.7) 124 (100) TBR Mean ± SD 1.5 ± 0.4 1.5 ± 0.4 1.6 ± 0.2 1.5 ± 0.3 1.5 ± 0.4 1.4 ± 0.3 1.5 ± 0.3 Range 1.1–2.2 1.2–2.2 1.2–2.2 1.2–2.5 1.1–2.6 0.9–2.1 0.9–2.6 Values in parentheses are percentages.
Parameter Left common carotid artery Right common carotid artery Ascending aorta Aortic arch Descending aorta Abdominal aorta Total No. of patients with calcification sites 20 (44.4) 18 (40.0) 8 (17.8) 25 (55.6) 17 (37.8) 33 (73.3) 34 (75.6) No. of calcification sites 35 (7.0) 27 (5.4) 11 (2.2) 73 (14.5) 99 (19.7) 258 (51.3) 503 (100) Lesion thickness (mm) 2.8 ± 0.9 2.7 ± 0.8 2.5 ± 0.7 3.6 ± 1.7 2.8 ± 0.8 3.0 ± 1.1 3.0 ± 1.2 Calcification score for lesions 1.6 ± 0.9 1.7 ± 0.9 1.1 ± 0.3 1.5 ± 0.8 1.2 ± 0.4 1.8 ± 1.1 1.6 ± 1.0 Values in parentheses are percentages.
- TABLE 5
18F-Sodium Fluoride Uptake, 18F-FDG Uptake, and Calcification on Per-Patient Basis
18F-Fluoride uptake (n = 27) 18F-FDG uptake (n = 34) Arterial calcification (n = 34) Total no. of patients (n = 45) PET-positive PET-positive CT-positive 25 PET-positive PET-positive CT-negative 1 PET-positive PET-negative CT-positive 1 PET-negative PET-positive CT-positive 7 PET-negative PET-positive CT-negative 1 PET-negative PET-negative CT-positive 1 PET-negative PET-negative CT-negative 9
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