Cellular Dosimetry of 111In Using Monte Carlo N-Particle Computer Code: Comparison with Analytic Methods and Correlation with In Vitro Cytotoxicity

Zhongli Cai; Jean-Philippe Pignol; Conrad Chan; Raymond M. Reilly

doi:10.2967/jnumed.109.063156

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FIGURE 1.
Schematic cell geometry and ¹¹¹In distributions used in MCNP simulation.
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FIGURE 2.
Effects of cell and nucleus radii on self-dose S values in comparison to those reported by Goddu et al. (8,9) or Farragi et al. (11): dependence of S_N→N (A) and of S_Cy→N and S_CS→N (B) on nucleus radius with constant cell radius of 8 μm, and dependence of S_Cy→N and S_CS→N (C) on cell radius with constant nucleus radius of 5 μm.
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FIGURE 3.
Effect of cell radius (A) and cell cluster size (B) on cross-dose S values in comparison to those reported by Goddu et al. (12) or Farragi et al. (11). Effect of cell cluster size was studied using cells with cell and nucleus radii of 5 and 4 μm, respectively.
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FIGURE 4.
Live cell images (central slices) of 6 breast cancer (BC) cell lines (MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-361, MCF-7, BT-474, and SKBr-3). Cell surfaces (red) were stained by wheat germ agglutinin-Alexa Fluor 594 conjugate, whereas cell nuclei (blue) were stained by Hoechst 33342 dye. R_C and R_N are mean cell and nucleus radii, respectively.

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TABLE 1

S Values (mGy·Bq⁻¹·s⁻¹) Calculated by MCNP and Using 3 Cell Models

		Single cell			Cell cluster				Cell monolayer
R_C (μm)	R_N (μm)	S_N→N	S_Cy→N	S_CS→N	S_N→N	S_Cy→N	S_CS→N	Cross-dose S value	S_N→N	S_Cy→N	S_CS→N
5	2	19.305	0.442	0.255	24.36	5.59	5.40	5.06	19.60	0.795	0.557
5	3	6.139	0.381	0.245	11.28	5.62	5.36	5.14	6.46	0.782	0.562
5	4	2.785	0.341	0.238	7.99	5.61	5.39	5.20	3.16	0.765	0.570
6	3	6.139	0.295	0.169	9.06	3.25	3.08	2.92	6.32	0.518	0.327
6	4	2.785	0.252	0.162	5.73	3.23	3.06	2.94	2.97	0.482	0.336
6	5	1.523	0.224	0.161	4.50	3.24	3.09	2.97	1.74	0.469	0.347
7	3	6.138	0.231	0.107	7.97	2.09	1.90	1.84	6.25	0.364	0.192
7	4	2.785	0.197	0.108	4.61	2.03	1.89	1.83	2.90	0.337	0.200
7	5	1.523	0.168	0.108	3.37	2.04	1.91	1.84	1.65	0.317	0.204
7	6	0.931	0.151	0.111	2.79	2.04	1.93	1.86	1.07	0.319	0.217
8	4	2.785	0.155	0.067	4.01	1.40	1.26	1.22	2.87	0.252	0.138
8	5	1.523	0.134	0.071	2.73	1.36	1.27	1.21	1.61	0.237	0.145
8	6	0.931	0.115	0.075	2.15	1.36	1.28	1.22	1.02	0.224	0.155
8	7	0.613	0.106	0.079	1.85	1.37	1.30	1.24	0.71	0.221	0.163
9	4	2.785	0.122	0.038	3.64	0.99	0.87	0.86	2.85	0.197	0.098
9	5	1.523	0.106	0.045	2.38	0.96	0.89	0.85	1.59	0.178	0.107
9	6	0.931	0.093	0.049	1.78	0.95	0.89	0.85	1.00	0.169	0.111
9	7	0.613	0.082	0.053	1.47	0.83	0.90	0.86	0.68	0.144	0.118
9	8	0.425	0.077	0.058	1.29	0.96	0.91	0.87	0.50	0.161	0.128
10	5	1.524	0.084	0.026	2.14	0.71	0.63	0.61	1.58	0.141	0.070
10	6	0.931	0.074	0.031	1.55	0.70	0.64	0.62	0.98	0.132	0.076
10	7	0.613	0.066	0.035	1.23	0.70	0.64	0.62	0.67	0.124	0.081
10	8	0.425	0.060	0.039	1.05	0.69	0.65	0.62	0.48	0.122	0.085
10	9	0.308	0.057	0.044	0.94	0.69	0.66	0.63	0.37	0.122	0.092
11	5	1.524	0.066	0.014	2.00	0.53	0.48	0.48	1.57	0.112	0.051
11	6	0.931	0.059	0.018	1.39	0.52	0.47	0.46	0.97	0.103	0.054
11	7	0.613	0.054	0.022	1.08	0.52	0.48	0.47	0.66	0.099	0.058
11	8	0.425	0.049	0.026	0.89	0.52	0.48	0.47	0.47	0.094	0.062
11	9	0.308	0.046	0.030	0.77	0.52	0.49	0.47	0.35	0.095	0.068
11	10	0.230	0.044	0.034	0.70	0.52	0.50	0.42	0.27	0.085	0.072
12	6	0.931	0.047	0.010	1.29	0.41	0.36	0.36	0.97	0.084	0.039
12	7	0.613	0.043	0.013	0.97	0.40	0.36	0.36	0.65	0.081	0.040
12	8	0.425	0.040	0.017	0.78	0.40	0.37	0.36	0.46	0.077	0.044
12	9	0.308	0.037	0.020	0.66	0.40	0.37	0.36	0.34	0.075	0.047
12	10	0.230	0.035	0.023	0.59	0.40	0.37	0.36	0.27	0.074	0.052
12	11	0.176	0.035	0.027	0.54	0.40	0.38	0.36	0.21	0.075	0.056

R_C and R_N are cell and nucleus radii, respectively.

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TABLE 2

S Values (mGy·Bq⁻¹·s⁻¹) for Individual Breast Cancer Cell Lines

	Single cell			Cell monolayer			Cell cluster
Cell line	S_N→N	S_Cy→N	S_CS→N	S_N→N	S_Cy→N	S_CS→N	S_N→N	S_Cy→N	S_CS→N
MDA-MB-468	1.30	0.143	0.089	1.40	0.26	0.18	2.78	1.66	1.56
By Auger electron	1.25	0.127	0.077	1.26	0.15	0.080	1.27	0.16	0.09
By internal conversion electron	0.04	0.017	0.011	0.14	0.11	0.102	1.49	1.47	1.46
S (Auger electron)/S (all electrons)	0.963	0.888	0.864	0.899	0.573	0.44	0.455	0.097	0.059
MDA-MB-361	1.02	0.100	0.053	1.09	0.17	0.12	1.93	1.03	0.95
MCF-7	0.89	0.097	0.057	0.96	0.18	0.08	1.84	1.06	0.99
BT-474	0.89	0.086	0.044	0.95	0.15	0.10	1.66	0.87	0.81
SKBr-3	0.82	0.084	0.044	0.87	0.15	0.06	1.59	0.87	0.81
MDA-MB-231	1.30	0.088	0.034	1.36	0.15	0.08	2.00	0.79	0.72
Acentric MDA-MB-231	1.30	0.069	0.045	1.36	0.14	0.10	2.00	0.78	0.74
S (acentric)/S (concentric)	1.00	0.78	1.33	1.00	0.93	1.24	1.00	0.98	1.02

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TABLE 3

Comparison of Projected SF^* Using Various Dose Calculation Methods

Cell geometry	Dose calculation method	Calculated dose to cell nucleus (Gy)	Dose-projected SF	Corrected SF	RE (%)
Cell monolayer	MCNP	0.59	0.75	0.64	3.1
Single cell	MCNP	0.47	0.80	0.67	8.1
	Goddu et al. (8)	0.46	0.80	0.67	8.1
	Goddu et al. (9)	0.45	0.80	0.67	8.1
	Farragi et al. (11)	0.49	0.79	0.67	8.1
Cell cluster	MCNP	2.2	0.33	0.28	−54
	Farragi et al. (11)	2.8	0.24	0.20	−67