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Research ArticleCOVID Commentaries
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Autoimmune Encephalitis Concomitant with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Insight from 18F-FDG PET Imaging and Neuronal Autoantibodies

Stephan Grimaldi, Stanislas Lagarde, Jean-Robert Harlé, José Boucraut and Eric Guedj
Journal of Nuclear Medicine December 2020, 61 (12) 1726-1729; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.120.249292
Stephan Grimaldi
1Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, Timone Hospital, Department of Neurology and Movement Disorders, Marseille, France
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Stanislas Lagarde
2Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Timone Hospital, Epileptology Department, Marseille, France
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Jean-Robert Harlé
3Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, Timone Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Marseille, France
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José Boucraut
4Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, INT, Conception Hospital, Immunology Laboratory, Marseille, France; and
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Eric Guedj
5Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Timone Hospital, CERIMED, Nuclear Medicine Department, Marseille, France
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    FIGURE 1.

    18F-FDG brain, whole-body PET, and brain MRI findings. (A and B) Brain 18F-FDG PET sagittal and axial slices showing diffuse cortical hypometabolism associated with putaminal and cerebellum hypermetabolism (A), confirmed by SPM comparison to 20 healthy elderly subjects (B) (P < 0.001, k > 600). (C and D) Whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT showing slight lung and hilar lymph node hypermetabolism on maximum-intensity projection (C) and axial fused slices (D), matching pseudonodular retractile consolidation postinfectious findings on CT, without straightforward argument for neoplasia. (E) Axial slices from T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI of putamen and cerebellum showing no abnormalities.

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    FIGURE 2.

    Immunostaining of neuronal nuclei; 25-μm sections were obtained from frozen rat nerve tissue and incubated with different dilutions of serum or CSF and peroxidase-labeled anti-IgG antisera. Immunostaining was revealed in presence of 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole. This NDP.view2 (Hamamatsu) figure shows labeling with CSF diluted to one sixth on nuclei of Purkinje cells in cerebellum, as well as striatal and hippocampal neurons.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine: 61 (12)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Vol. 61, Issue 12
December 1, 2020
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Autoimmune Encephalitis Concomitant with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Insight from 18F-FDG PET Imaging and Neuronal Autoantibodies
Stephan Grimaldi, Stanislas Lagarde, Jean-Robert Harlé, José Boucraut, Eric Guedj
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Dec 2020, 61 (12) 1726-1729; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.249292

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Autoimmune Encephalitis Concomitant with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Insight from 18F-FDG PET Imaging and Neuronal Autoantibodies
Stephan Grimaldi, Stanislas Lagarde, Jean-Robert Harlé, José Boucraut, Eric Guedj
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Dec 2020, 61 (12) 1726-1729; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.249292
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Keywords

  • autoimmune encephalitis
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  • methylprednisolone
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • COVID-19
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