Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
Transwell bicameral culture chamber system. Pig thyrocytes were grown on microporous filter (pore size, 0.4 μm) that divides well into apical and basal compartments corresponding to follicular lumen and extrafollicular space, respectively. Cells were irradiated with 123I, 131I, 99mTc, or 211At in medium, both apically and basally. Gradual accumulation of radionuclide in apical culture medium due to NIS-mediated transport in basal-to-apical direction was taking place during irradiation. After irradiation, cell cultures were analyzed for 125I− transport capacity (125I was added basally), total DNA content, and NIS mRNA expression.
- FIGURE 2.
Time-dependent iodide (125I−) transport changes in filter-cultured thyrocytes after irradiation with 123I, 131I, 99mTc, or 211At to 0.5 Gy for 6 h. Effects of irradiation are presented relative to transport level monitored in nonirradiated cultures at each time point. Results are given as mean ± SEM (n = 6). *Statistically significant difference from controls, P < 0.05.
- FIGURE 3.
Changes of NIS mRNA expression in thyroid cells irradiated with 123I, 131I, 99mTc, or 211At at same dose (0.5 Gy) and exposure times as shown in Figure 2 (representing data from parallel cultures in same experiments) on days 1 and 5 after irradiation. qRT-PCR data are presented as log2 expression levels compared with those of matched nonirradiated controls (n = 3). *Statistically significant difference from controls, P < 0.001.
- FIGURE 4.
Dose-dependent iodide (125I−) transport changes in filter-cultured thyroid cells irradiated with 131I or 123I for 48 h. Effect on transport was evaluated 3 d after end of radionuclide exposure. Results obtained from 3 separate experiments, with triplicates in each, are given relative to matching nonirradiated controls as mean ± SEM (n = 3). Inset shows details at low absorbed doses.
Tables
Property 99mTc 123I 125I 131I 211At Decay mode IT EC EC β− α, EC Half-life 6.0 h 13 h 60 d 8.0 d 7.2 h Radiation yield (%) Photon energy 0–40 keV 7.9 95 160 5.5 18 40–100 keV — — — — 38 100–300 keV 87 83 — 6.1 — >300 keV — — — 88 — Electron energy 0–10 keV 220 280 600 8.0 9.4 10–20 keV 2.1 — — 3.4 17 20–40 keV — 12 33 7.4 — 40–100 keV — — — 24 1.3 100–300 keV 11 16 — 48 — 300–600 keV — — — 21 — α-Particle energy 5,000–6,000 keV — — — — 42 6,000–7,000 keV — — — — 0.63 7,000–8,000 keV — — — — 58 EC = electron capture; IT = isomeric transition.
α-Particles, β-particles, and atomic electrons are included. Photons with abundance ≥ 5% and electrons with abundance ≥ 1% are included.
- TABLE 2
Changes of NIS mRNA Expression in Thyroid Cells Irradiated with 123I, 131I, 99mTc, or 211At to Absorbed Dose of 0.5 Gy During 6 Hours, on Days 1 and 5 After Irradiation
NIS mRNA downregulation (% of control) Radionuclide 1 d 5 d 131I NS 80 123I 55 NS 99mTc NS 34 211At 26 61 qRT-PCR data are presented as percentage downregulation, compared with matched nonirradiated controls. NS indicates no statistically significant difference from controls, P < 0.001.
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