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Research ArticleThe State of the Art

The Role of PSMA PET Parameters as Biomarkers for Response to PSMA-Targeted Radiopharmaceutical Therapy

Vishnu Murthy, Vinicius Ludwig, Andrei Gafita, Thomas A. Hope and Jeremie Calais
Journal of Nuclear Medicine February 2025, jnumed.124.268818; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.124.268818
Vishnu Murthy
1Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California;
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Vinicius Ludwig
1Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California;
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Andrei Gafita
2Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;
3Johns Hopkins Theranostics Center, Baltimore, Maryland; and
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Thomas A. Hope
4Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
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Jeremie Calais
1Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California;
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    FIGURE 1.

    Classification by RECIP 1.0. with TRAQinform IQ technology, which was used to conduct lesion region-of-interest–based analyses at baseline and end-of-treatment PET. Regions of interest were matched across time points and categorized as new, increasing, stable, decreasing, or disappeared on basis of changes in total lesion PSMA. (A) A 67-y-old man with mCRPC treated with 4 cycles of PSMA RPT between baseline and end-of-treatment PSMA PET. Patient had new lesions, 512.7% increase in tumor volume, and 547.6% increase in PSA and was classified as having progressive disease based on RECIP 1.0. Patient had date of last follow-up of 6.3 mo from end-of-treatment PSMA PET. (B) A 73-y-old man with mCRPC treated with 6 cycles of PSMA RPT between baseline and end-of-treatment PSMA PET. Patient had no new lesions, 87.3% decrease in tumor volume, and 95.9% decrease in PSA and was classified as having partial response based on RECIP 1.0. Patient had date of last follow-up of 14.9 mo from end-of-treatment PSMA PET. (C) A 69-y-old man with mCRPC treated with 4 cycles of PSMA RPT between baseline and end-of-treatment PSMA PET. Patient had no new lesions, 3.3% increase in tumor volume, and 55.2% increase in PSA and was classified as having stable disease based on RECIP 1.0. Patient had OS of 44.3 mo from end-of-treatment PSMA PET.

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    TABLE 1.

    Summary of Pertinent Literature

    TopicPMIDFirst authorYear publishedTotal patients (n)
    VISION read criteria37230533Kuo2023125
    35273096Hotta2022301
    Tumor volume and PSMA TV5032970216Seifert2021110
    36302658Kind202370
    SUVmean39162634Kuo2024826
    38043558Hofman2024200
    Tumor–to–salivary gland ratio36997329Hotta2023237
    HIT score38637137Swiha2024139
    Nomograms to predict outcomes after PSMA RPT34246328Gafita2021270
    NAHerrmann2023831
    PSMA PET progression criteria31806774Fanti2020NA
    33789932Michalski (42)202146
    RECIP 1.035422442Gafita2022124
    37432081Gafita2023124
    Comparing different response criteria35767071Gafita2022124
    Total lesion PSMA37889298Burgard (54)2024102
    38298510Burgard (56)202423
    177Lu-PSMA SPECT/CT parameters36872949Emmett2023125
    39117452Yadav (63)2024122
    • PMID = PubMed identifier; TV50 = 50% threshold of lesion SUVmax; HIT = heterogeneity and intensity of tumors; NA = not applicable.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine: 66 (6)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Vol. 66, Issue 6
June 1, 2025
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The Role of PSMA PET Parameters as Biomarkers for Response to PSMA-Targeted Radiopharmaceutical Therapy
Vishnu Murthy, Vinicius Ludwig, Andrei Gafita, Thomas A. Hope, Jeremie Calais
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Feb 2025, jnumed.124.268818; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.124.268818

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The Role of PSMA PET Parameters as Biomarkers for Response to PSMA-Targeted Radiopharmaceutical Therapy
Vishnu Murthy, Vinicius Ludwig, Andrei Gafita, Thomas A. Hope, Jeremie Calais
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Feb 2025, jnumed.124.268818; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.124.268818
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • BASELINE PSMA PET VISUAL CRITERIA
    • BASELINE PSMA PET WHOLE-BODY QUANTITATIVE PARAMETERS
    • ADDITIONAL VALUE OF BASELINE 18F-FDG PARAMETERS
    • NOMOGRAMS TO PREDICT OUTCOME AFTER PSMA RPT
    • PSMA PET IN RESPONSE EVALUATION
    • CONCLUSION
    • DISCLOSURE
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