Research ArticleClinical Investigation

Total-Body Perfusion Imaging with [11C]-Butanol

Elizabeth J. Li, Javier E. López, Benjamin A. Spencer, Yasser Abdelhafez, Ramsey D. Badawi, Guobao Wang and Simon R. Cherry
Journal of Nuclear Medicine November 2023, 64 (11) 1831-1838; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.123.265659

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Figure
  • FIGURE 1.
    FIGURE 1.

    (A) Representative [11C]-butanol time–activity curves (0–150 s) for subset of tissue types. (B) Normalized TIDA (mean ± SD) for BHV 30-min dynamic acquisitions. Desc. = descending.

  • FIGURE 2.
    FIGURE 2.

    Impact of AT on BHV parameter estimates (mean ± SD) as assessed by fitting time–activity curves across ATs of 60–270 s in 30-s increments.

  • FIGURE 3.
    FIGURE 3.

    BHV ROI-based kinetic parameter estimates (mean ± SD). AT was fixed for individual tissues (Table 1).

  • FIGURE 4.
    FIGURE 4.

    Correlation analysis and Bland–Altman plots of test–retest studies. K1 (A) and vb (B) showed strong agreement between 2 visits. Normality was observed for log-transformed data points shown in Bland–Altman plots for K1 and vb.

  • FIGURE 5.
    FIGURE 5.

    Example parametric images of 2 coronal slices (baseline). Grayscale bars have been manually adjusted to allow visualization across full range of values.

  • FIGURE 6.
    FIGURE 6.

    Intrasubject comparison between rest and stress (CPT) parametric images of K1. Increases in gray matter (A), myocardial (B), and skeletal muscle (C) perfusion were observed with CPT, relative to rest. (B) Short-axis (SA), horizontal long-axis (HLA), and vertical long-axis (VLA) views show increased myocardial perfusion with CPT. (C) Similarly, axial cross section of thigh shows increased K1 in specific muscle groups.

  • FIGURE 7.
    FIGURE 7.

    (A) Parametric K1 images of PVD in patient 1. Maximum intensity projection showed increased perfusion in left calf, below popliteal occlusion (asterisk). Below, cross-sectional perfusion image was obtained at dashed line and overlayed on CT. Short-axis (SA), horizontal long-axis (HLA), and vertical long-axis (VLA) views show reduced perfusion at site of earlier myocardial infarction (arrowheads). (B) Perfusion image for PVD patient 2 showed several abnormalities—including enlarged RV and low renal cortex perfusion (arrowheads)—relative to BHVs (Table 1; Supplemental Fig. 4).

Tables

  • TABLE 1.

    Tissue-Specific BHV Parameters (n = 6)

    CategoryTissueAT (s)LE threshold (%)Delay (s)K1vbp
    BrainGray matter1801.754.50 (0.84)0.60 (0.14)0.034 (0.008)0.80 (0.04)
    White matter1802.004.67 (0.82)0.27 (0.05)0.016 (0.004)0.65 (0.05)
    IntestinesLarge intestine1802.005.50 (2.74)0.11 (0.02)0.009 (0.008)0.40 (0.11)
    Small intestine1802.007.00 (1.10)0.35 (0.06)0.039 (0.012)1.18 (0.36)
    Kidneys901.504.92 (0.80)1.95 (0.16)0.185 (0.040)0.91 (0.11)
    Liver*120—1.17 (1.33)1.23 (0.36)0.026 (0.054)1.80 (0.43)
    Lungs602.503.50 (0.63)1.72 (0.32)0.089 (0.043)0.16 (0.02)
    Skeletal muscle†240 (33)3.568.50 (1.85)0.05 (0.02)0.003 (0.002)1.71 (1.70)
    Marrow and boneRed marrow1802.002.17 (0.98)0.18 (0.07)0.009 (0.005)0.67 (0.13)
    Trabecular bone1801.002.17 (2.56)0.02 (0.01)0.000 (0.001)0.17 (0.13)
    Cortical bone1801.008.50 (3.94)0.03 (0.01)0.002 (0.002)0.24 (0.12)
    Myocardium1800.25−3.17 (0.75)1.34 (0.38)0.232 (0.034)0.88 (0.06)
    Pancreas1203.005.00 (1.10)1.26 (0.60)0.096 (0.052)0.93 (0.10)
    Spleen902.004.50 (0.55)1.65 (0.18)0.086 (0.028)1.04 (0.03)
    Stomach1205.004.17 (2.79)0.58 (0.15)0.028 (0.020)0.81 (0.32)
    Thyroid1803.005.00 (2.10)1.36 (0.34)0.220 (0.151)0.78 (0.22)

    • ↵* n = 5 (see text).

    • ↵† Reported values are averaged.

    • LE = leading edge.

    • Data are mean followed by SD in parentheses. Units for K1 are mL·min−1·cm−3.

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