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Research ArticleClinical Investigation

The Quest for an Accurate Functional Tumor Volume with 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT

Ryan P. Reddy, C. Ross Schmidtlein, Romina G. Giancipoli, Audrey Mauguen, Daniel LaFontaine, Heiko Schoder and Lisa Bodei
Journal of Nuclear Medicine July 2022, 63 (7) 1027-1032; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.121.262782
Ryan P. Reddy
1Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New, York, New York;
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C. Ross Schmidtlein
1Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New, York, New York;
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Romina G. Giancipoli
2Department of Nuclear Medicine, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; and
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Audrey Mauguen
3Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Daniel LaFontaine
1Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New, York, New York;
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Heiko Schoder
1Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New, York, New York;
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Lisa Bodei
1Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New, York, New York;
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  • FIGURE 1.
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    FIGURE 1.

    Example lesion 1. (A) CT evaluation of lymph node, with longest diameter of 2.2 cm (1) and longest perpendicular diameter of 1.3 cm (2). (B) PET evaluation of lymph node, with yellow representing 50% threshold segmentation; green, 42% threshold segmentation; blue, manual segmentation; and red, BSL segmentation.

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    FIGURE 2.

    Example lesion 2. (A) CT evaluation of hepatic metastasis, with longest diameter of 2.3 cm (1) and longest perpendicular diameter of 1.8 cm (2). (B) PET evaluation of hepatic metastasis, with yellow representing 50% threshold segmentation; green, 42% threshold segmentation; blue, manual segmentation; and red, BSL segmentation.

  • FIGURE 3.
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    FIGURE 3.

    Correlation charts of FTV calculations to morphologic measurements. (A) Manual volume from PET imaging (VOLNM). (B) BSL (VOLBSL). (C) Threshold of 50% relative to SUVmax (VOL50). (D) Threshold of 42% relative to SUVmax (VOL42).

  • FIGURE 4.
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    FIGURE 4.

    Bland–Altman scatterplots showing relative difference between FTV method as labeled and morphologic volume on y-axis and mean volume of FTV method as labeled and morphologic volume on x-axis. Dashed lines represent upper limits of agreement, lower limits of agreement, and bias (or mean difference). Log transformation was used to correct skewness in distribution of volumes. (A) Manual volume from PET imaging (VOLNM). (B) BSL (VOLBSL). (C) Threshold of 50% relative to SUVmax (VOL50). (D) Threshold of 42% relative to SUVmax (VOL42).

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    TABLE 1

    Demographic and Histopathologic Data

    CharacteristicData
    Patients20 (100%)
    Sex
     Female13 (65%)
     Male7 (35%)
    Age at 68Ga-DOTATATE PET (y)
     Mean ± SD56 ± 12
     Range28–78
    NET primary tumor subtype (%)
     Pancreatic11 (55%)
     Small intestine5 (25%)
     Other3 (15%)
     Unknown1 (5%)
    Gastroenteropancreatic NET grade
     G1 (Ki-67 < 3%)5 (29%)
     G2 (Ki-67 = 3%–20%)9 (53%)
     G3 (Ki-67 > 20%)3 (18%)
     Local recurrence1 (5%)
    Metastases
     No2 (10%)
     Yes18 (90%)
    Metastatic sites
     Liver18
     Nodes8
     Bone3
     Adrenal2
     Mesenteric2
     Cardiac1
     Splenic1
    Clinical syndrome
     Nonfunctioning tumor12 (60%)
     Functioning tumor8 (40%)
    • Data are number, except for age.

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    TABLE 2

    Medical and Surgical Treatments Before Imaging

    Treatmentn
    Resection of primary tumor9 (45%)
    Additional treatments
    Liver-directed therapy7 (35%)
    Chemotherapy4 (20%)
    Radiotherapy1 (5%)
    Peptide radionuclide receptor therapy0
    Treatment with cold SSA at time of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT8 (40%)
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    TABLE 3

    68Ga-DOTATATE–Avid Lesion Locations and Measurements

    ParameterData
    SUVmax
     Mean ± SD36.9 ± 27.0
     Range1.3–188.3
    Lesions analyzed94
    Site of lesions
     Liver69 (73.4%)
     Node10 (10.6%)
     Pancreas5 (5.3%)
     Bone5 (5.3%)
     Bowel2 (2.1%)
     Perihepatic implant2 (2.1%)
     Mesenteric node1 (1.1%)
    • Data are number, except for SUVmax.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine: 63 (7)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Vol. 63, Issue 7
July 1, 2022
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The Quest for an Accurate Functional Tumor Volume with 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Ryan P. Reddy, C. Ross Schmidtlein, Romina G. Giancipoli, Audrey Mauguen, Daniel LaFontaine, Heiko Schoder, Lisa Bodei
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Jul 2022, 63 (7) 1027-1032; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262782

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The Quest for an Accurate Functional Tumor Volume with 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Ryan P. Reddy, C. Ross Schmidtlein, Romina G. Giancipoli, Audrey Mauguen, Daniel LaFontaine, Heiko Schoder, Lisa Bodei
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Jul 2022, 63 (7) 1027-1032; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262782
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