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Research ArticleClinical
Open Access

Affibody-Based PET Imaging to Guide EGFR-Targeted Cancer Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer Models

Thomas A. Burley, Chiara Da Pieve, Carlos D. Martins, Daniela M. Ciobota, Louis Allott, Wim J.G Oyen, Kevin J. Harrington, Graham Smith and Gabriela Kramer-Marek
Journal of Nuclear Medicine March 2019, 60 (3) 353-361; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.118.216069
Thomas A. Burley
1Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; and
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Chiara Da Pieve
1Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; and
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Carlos D. Martins
1Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; and
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Daniela M. Ciobota
1Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; and
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Louis Allott
1Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; and
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Wim J.G Oyen
1Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; and
2Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Kevin J. Harrington
1Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; and
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Graham Smith
1Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; and
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Gabriela Kramer-Marek
1Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; and
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  • FIGURE 1.
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    FIGURE 1.

    (A) EGFR expression as determined by flow cytometry in selected cancer cell lines. (B) In vitro binding specificity of ZEGFR:03115-Dylight633 in HN5 cells as shown by confocal microscopy. (C) Internalization studies of ZEGFR:03115-Dylight633 3, 8, and 24 h after 1 h of incubation in HN5 cells.

  • FIGURE 2.
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    FIGURE 2.

    (A) Saturation curve obtained for CAL27 cells incubated with increasing concentrations of 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 bound vs. 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 incubation concentration. (B) In vitro binding specificity of 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 in selected cell lines with and without blocking using unlabeled Affibody, cetuximab, or EGF. Data are normalized to maximum cell-associated radioactivity per experiment.

  • FIGURE 3.
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    FIGURE 3.

    Whole-body coronal PET/CT images acquired 3 h after 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 administration spiked with different amounts of nonlabeled ZEGFR:03115 in mice bearing CAL27 tumors: 2 μg of 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 injected (A); 1 μg of ZEGFR:03115 injected 30 min before injection of 2 μg of 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 (B); 5 μg of ZEGFR:03115 injected 30 min before injection of 2 μg of 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 (C); 10 μg of ZEGFR:03115 injected 30 min before injection of 2 μg of 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 (D); 10 μg of ZEGFR:03115 coinjected with 2 μg of 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 (E).

  • FIGURE 4.
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    FIGURE 4.

    Radioconjugate uptake in xenografts with varying EGFR expression. (A) Representative whole-body sagittal PET/CT images acquired 3 h after injection. (B) PET quantification of radiotracer uptake in tumors (outlined on image) 3 h after injection in comparison with data obtained from biodistribution studies. Data are mean ± SD. (C) Histopathologic analysis of EGFR expression in xenograft models (top), and representative autoradiography tumor sections 3 h after radioconjugate administration (bottom). **P < 0.01. ***P < 0.001. ****P < 0.0001.

  • FIGURE 5.
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    FIGURE 5.

    18F-AlF-NOTA-ZEGFR:03115 uptake assessed 1 h after injection. (A) Representative sagittal whole-body PET/CT images of mice bearing HN5 tumors (outlined on image) with or without treatment with cetuximab. (B) PET quantification in control and cetuximab-treated HN5 tumors and corresponding biodistribution %ID/g values. Data are mean ± SD (n ≥ 6). ****P < 0.0001.

  • FIGURE 6.
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    FIGURE 6.

    (A) Western blot of tumor tissue lysates from control and cetuximab-treated mice demonstrating EGFR protein expression, activation, and downstream signaling. (B) Spearman rank correlation analysis for EGFR expression as determined by Western blot against 18F-AlF-NOTA-ZEGFR:03115 tumor uptake as quantified by PET image analysis. Dashed lines represent 95% confidence levels. (C) Histopathologic analysis of EGFR expression and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining in HN5 xenografts in both control and cetuximab-treated mouse. A.U. = arbitrary units.

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    TABLE 1

    Ex Vivo Biodistribution 3 Hours After Intravenous Administration of Increasing Amounts of Nonlabeled ZEGFR:03115 30 Minutes Before 2 μg of 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 or 2 μg of 89Zr-DFO-ZTaq in CAL27 Xenografts

    2 μg 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115
    Organ0 μg ZEGFR:031151 μg ZEGFR:031155 μg ZEGFR:0311510 μg ZEGFR:0311520 μg ZEGFR:031152 μg 89Zr-DFO-ZTaq (10 μg ZEGFR:03115)
    Blood3.52 ± 1.426.01 ± 0.183.87 ± 0.304.46 ± 1.653.06 ± 0.200.64 ± 0.04
    Heart0.89 ± 0.221.53 ± 0.050.95 ± 0.091.03 ± 0.290.77 ± 0.060.25 ± 0.03
    Lungs1.45 ± 0.452.55 ± 0.231.84 ± 0.502.05 ± 0.1.061.45 ± 0.080.47 ± 0.05
    Kidney37.14 ± 1.1754.52 ± 17.1373.26 ± 12.91140.84 ± 47.70109.14 ± 22.30172.04 ± 20.07
    Spleen0.91 ± 0.101.58 ± 0.230.94 ± 0.201.28 ± 0.130.94 ± 0.130.37 ± 0.08
    Liver20.74 ± 8.3110.36 ± 1.493.82 ± 0.394.25 ± 1.553.19 ± 0.140.82 ± 0.22
    Pancreas0.73 ± 0.191.62 ± 0.240.71 ± 0.120.69 ± 0.130.46 ± 0.040.14 ± 0.03
    Tumor1.75 ± 0.211.70 ± 0.681.87 ± 0.583.69 ± 1.192.59 ± 0.480.26 ± 0.05
    Bone1.35 ± 0.241.24 ± 0.210.81 ± 0.150.87 ± 0.140.66 ± 0.090.21 ± 0.05
    Intestine0.59 ± 0.281.62 ± 0.570.90 ± 0.110.89 ± 0.110.81 ± 0.050.19 ± 0.03
    Muscle0.24 ± 0.010.35 ± 0.070.37 ± 0.090.36 ± 0.050.33 ± 0.040.08 ± 0.03
    Ratio
     Tumor-to-blood0.500.280.480.830.850.41
     Tumor-to-muscle7.294.865.0510.257.853.15
     Tumor-to-liver0.080.160.490.870.810.32
    • Data are mean ± SD (n ≥ 3) %ID/g.

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    TABLE 2

    Ex Vivo Biodistribution 3, 24, and 48 Hours After Intravenous Injection of 2 μg of 89Zr-DFO-ZEGFR:03115 Coinjected with 10 μg of Nonlabeled ZEGFR:03115 in Mice Bearing CAL27 Xenografts

    Organ3 h24 h48 h
    Blood3.70 ± 0.550.87 ± 0.320.23 ± 0.06
    Heart0.99 ± 0.190.37 ± 0.120.31 ± 0.04
    Lungs2.74 ± 0.930.88 ± 0.130.70 ± 0.08
    Kidney130.42 ± 22.25108.80 ± 19.60104.85 ± 11.10
    Spleen1.14 ± 0.180.72 ± 0.200.79 ± 0.37
    Liver4.99 ± 0.854.31 ± 1.004.11 ± 1.41
    Pancreas0.67 ± 0.140.36 ± 0.100.35 ± 0.25
    Tumor3.88 ± 0.462.43 ± 0.272.13 ± 0.12
    Bone0.99 ± 0.282.28 ± 0.273.44 ± 0.59
    Intestine1.09 ± 0.160.42 ± 0.030.40 ± 0.02
    Muscle0.38 ± 0.090.14 ± 0.040.16 ± 0.07
    Ratio
     Tumor-to-blood1.042.799.34
     Tumor-to-muscle10.3117.3513.56
     Tumor-to-liver0.780.560.52
    • Data are mean ± SD (n ≥ 3) %ID/g.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine: 60 (3)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Vol. 60, Issue 3
March 1, 2019
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Affibody-Based PET Imaging to Guide EGFR-Targeted Cancer Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer Models
Thomas A. Burley, Chiara Da Pieve, Carlos D. Martins, Daniela M. Ciobota, Louis Allott, Wim J.G Oyen, Kevin J. Harrington, Graham Smith, Gabriela Kramer-Marek
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Mar 2019, 60 (3) 353-361; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.216069

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Affibody-Based PET Imaging to Guide EGFR-Targeted Cancer Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer Models
Thomas A. Burley, Chiara Da Pieve, Carlos D. Martins, Daniela M. Ciobota, Louis Allott, Wim J.G Oyen, Kevin J. Harrington, Graham Smith, Gabriela Kramer-Marek
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Mar 2019, 60 (3) 353-361; DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.216069
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