Hybrid Surgical Guidance: Does Hardware Integration of γ- and Fluorescence Imaging Modalities Make Sense?

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FIGURE 1.
Schematic overview of VITOM-GP and VITOM-GC combination. (A) VITOM-GP combination. (B) VITOM-GC combination. Because of angle in alignment, devices had to be moved horizontally to compensate for misalignment at distances beyond focal plane.
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FIGURE 2.
Fluorescence imaging versus γ-detection. On left side, SN detection rates (%) of VITOM-GP combination are shown in relation to the evaluated working distances (A–F). On right, SN detection rates (%) of VITOM-GC are presented in relation to the different evaluated working distances (G–L).

TABLE 1

Patient Characteristics

Patient no.	Clinical TNM stage	Injected dose (MBq)	No. of SNs on SPECT/CT	No. of pursued SNs	No. of groins	No. of SNs at pathology	No. of tumor-positive SNs
Patients evaluated with VITOM-GP
1	cT2N0Mx	184.28	4	3 (75%)	1	3	0
2	cT3N0Mx	77.87	2	1 (50%)	1	5	0
3	cT3N0Mx	162.74	2	3 (100%)^*	1	3	0
4	cT3N0Mx	84	2	1 (50%)	1	3	0
5	cT2N0Mx	83.69	4	1 (25%)	1	4	1
Total			14	9	5	18	1
Patients evaluated with VITOM-GC
1	cT3N0M0	143.23	3	2 (67%)	1	3	1
2	cT1N0Mx	145.37	1	1 (100%)	1	1	0
3	cT1bN0Mx	144.66	2	2 (100%)	2	2	0
4	cT2N0M0	71.62	2	2 (100%)	2	4	0
5	cT2N0M0	70.37	2	2 (100%)	2	2	0
6	cT1/2N0Mx	87.51	5	1 (20%)	1	7	0
Total			15	10	9	19	1