Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
Comparison of regional VT (left) and DVR (right) of 11C-PBR28 in HTLV1 subjects compared with healthy volunteers. Error bar is 1 SD. Amy = amygdala; Asym1 = patient 6, asymptomatic; Asym2 = patient 7, asymptomatic; Br.Stem = brain stem; Cau = caudate; Cereb = cerebellum; HAMs1 = patient 1, severe HAM; HAMs2 = patient 2, severe HAM; HAMmi = patient 4, mild HAM; HAMmo = patient 5, moderate HAM; Hip = hippocampus; mid = mid brain; Tha = thalamus.
- FIGURE 2.
Spatially normalized VT parametric maps of individual HTLV-1 carriers and population-averaged healthy controls. Asym1 = patient 6, asymptomatic; Asym2 = patient 7, asymptomatic; Avg = average; HAMs1 = patient 1, severe HAM; HAMs2 = patient 2, severe HAM; HAMmi = patient 4, mild HAM; HAMmo = patient 5, moderate HAM.
- FIGURE 3.
Spearman rank correlation analysis of in vivo thalamus PET outcome measures in HTLV-1–infected subjects with laboratory and clinical assessments. Top (left to right): correlation between VT and 10-m walk time in log scale and CD8+DR+ cell counts. Bottom (left to right): correlation between DVR and 10-m walk time in log scale and CD8+DR+ cell counts. TW = timed walk.
- FIGURE 4.
VBM analysis: small clusters of altered GM topography in HTLV-1–infected patients compared with controls.
- FIGURE 5.
Regional GM fractions in HTLV-1 patients compared with healthy volunteers. Error bar is 1 SD.
- FIGURE 6.
Correlations of left thalamus GM fraction (top) and right thalamus MD (bottom) with (left to right) clinical (10-m timed walk) and laboratory (% circulating CD8+ lymphocytes expressing HLA-DR) scores.
Tables
Subject no. in analysis Age (y) Sex Ethnicity Duration disease (y) Mobility aid 10-m TW (s) PET MRI DWI HTLV-1* proviral load CD8 DR Disease #1 HAMs1 55 Female Caucasian 19 Frame 366 55 min ✓ ✓ 4.9 59 Severe HAM progressing #2 HAMs2 48 Female Caucasian 5 Frame 109 ✓ ✓ ✓ 17.4 47 Severe HAM progressing #3 HAMmo 66 Female Afro-Caribbean 8 1 stick 14.5 0 min ✓ x 3.8 42 Moderate HAM stable #4 HAMmi 59 Female Afro-Caribbean 2 Unaided 11.5 ✓ ✓ ✓ 7.9 32 Mild HAM stable #5 HAMmo 54 Male Afro-Caribbean 13 Elbow crutches 24.7 ✓ ✓ ✓ 10.5 32 Moderate HAM slow progression #6 Asym1 57 Female Afro-Caribbean N/A Unaided 6.5 ✓ ✓ ✓ 6.4 27 Asymptomatic #7 Asym2 57 Male Afro-Caribbean N/A Unaided 6.6 ✓ ✓ ✓ 2.6 17 Asymptomatic ↵* HTLV-1 DNA copies per 100 PBMCs.
10-m TW = time taken to walk 10 m on the flat; CD8 DR = % CD8 lymphocytes expressing human leukocyte antigen–antigen D related; HAMs1 = patient 1, severe HAM; HAMs2 = patient 2, severe HAM; HAMmo = patient 5, moderate HAM; HAMmi = patient 4, mild HAM; Asym1 = patient 6, asymptomatic; Asym 2 = patient 7, asymptomatic.
- TABLE 2
PET Regional VT Data Analysis: z Scores of Individual Patient Regional VT Values Compared with Healthy Volunteers
Subject code HAMs1 HAMs2 HAMmo HAMmi Asym1 Asym2 Brain stem −0.30 1.94 2.11 −0.06 −0.19 −1.30 Medulla −0.33 1.88 2.27 0.25 −0.28 −0.68 Pons −0.48 2.01 1.30 −0.10 −0.17 −1.50 Mid brain −0.05 1.38 2.98 −0.20 −0.25 −1.24 Thalamus 0.60 2.45 2.71 −0.47 −0.16 −1.93 Hippocampus −0.55 1.67 1.76 −0.33 −0.19 −1.34 Amygdala −0.62 1.22 0.95 −0.73 −0.28 −1.35 Cerebellum −0.22 1.95 1.54 0.27 −0.17 −1.56 Caudate −0.07 1.07 2.08 1.32 −0.27 −2.10 Gray matter −0.16 1.29 1.08 0.12 −0.13 −1.61 Brain −0.17 1.38 1.12 0.25 −0.13 −1.57 HAMs1 = patient 1, severe HAM; HAMs2 = patient 2, severe HAM; HAMmo = patient 5, moderate HAM; HAMmi = patient 4, mild HAM; Asym1 = patient 6, asymptomatic; Asym2 = patient 7, asymptomatic.
- TABLE 3
PET Regional DVR Data Analysis: z Scores of Individual Patient Regional DVR Values Compared with Healthy Volunteers
Subject code HAMs1 HAMs2 HAMmo HAMmi Asym1 Asym2 Brain stem −0.40 3.08 4.23 −0.29 −0.99 −0.11 Medulla −0.29 2.03 2.92 0.52 −0.37 0.78 Pons −0.80 2.48 1.46 −0.36 −0.70 −0.93 Mid brain 0.43 1.35 6.26 −0.83 −1.60 0.33 Thalamus 4.72 6.16 8.84 −3.33 −1.17 −3.33 Hippocampus −1.57 2.44 3.52 −1.53 −1.60 0.31 Amygdala −1.49 0.94 0.77 −2.42 −2.30 −0.31 Cerebellum −0.27 3.35 2.79 0.79 −1.66 0.17 Caudate 0.05 −0.30 1.07 1.42 −1.07 −0.81 Gray matter 0.41 3.39 4.01 0.17 −2.08 0.00 Brain 0.41 6.13 5.94 4.44 −2.48 2.58 HAMs1 = patient 1, severe HAM; HAMs2 = patient 2, severe HAM; HAMmo = patient 5, moderate HAM; HAMmi = patient 4, mild HAM; Asym1 = patient 6, asymptomatic; Asym2 = patient 7, asymptomatic.
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