Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
(Top) Transaxial images at level of heart (A) and liver (B) show image quality and ROIs. (Bottom) Time–activity curves were derived from ROIs placed inside left ventricular chamber (A) and right lobe of liver (B).
- FIGURE 2.
Single-patient insulin-stimulated hepatic influx rate constant (H-Ki) changes (▿) in subjects who underwent repeated study (low IS) show consistent upward shift in all subjects and significant 98% ± 74% average increase (▪ P < 0.01, Student paired t test).
- FIGURE 3.
Net HGU as measured by graphical analysis in each study population. *P < 0.05 vs. fasting. §P = 0.1 vs. fasting.
- FIGURE 4.
Correlation between whole-body glucose uptake during clamp (M value) and hepatic glucose phosphorylation/dephosphorylation ratios.
- FIGURE 5.
Graph shows nonlinear least squares fit for 3-compartment model and corresponding measured data. Table gives numeric values for the example shown.
- FIGURE 6.
Linear least squares fit for Patlak plot and corresponding measured data during fasting (A) and clamp (B) in 1 study subject.
- FIGURE 7.
Correlations between 3-compartment model and graphical analysis influx rate constants during fasting (A) and clamp (B) in whole study group.
Tables
Variable PET during fasting: normal IS PET during clamp PET during fasting and clamp: low IS Normal IS High IS n 7 9 8 7 Age (y) 34 ± 8 28 ± 4 28 ± 2 62 ± 9* EF (%) — 62 ± 6 65 ± 3 62 ± 8 Weight (kg) 82 ± 9 77 ± 9 76 ± 6 81 ± 10 Height (cm) 181 ± 7 182 ± 5 186 ± 4 179 ± 5† Fasting plasma levels Glucose (mmol·L−1) 5.4 ± 0.5 5.2 ± 0.3 5.3 ± 0.4 5.2 ± 0.5 Insulin (pmol·L−1) 18 ± 15‡ 45 ± 15 30 ± 18 44 ± 16 FFA (mmol·L−1) 0.70 ± 0.23† 0.54 ± 0.19 0.39 ± 0.12 0.67 ± 0.17† Clamp plasma levels Glucose (mmol·L−1) — 5.1 ± 0.8 5.1 ± 0.3 5.4 ± 0.8 Insulin (pmol·L−1) — 420 ± 100§ 430 ± 160§ 460 ± 120§ FFA (mmol·L−1) — 0.11 ± 0.04§ 0.10 ± 0.03§ 0.07 ± 0.03*§ M (μmol·min−1·kg−1) — 35 ± 7 65 ± 8‖ 24 ± 3†‖ Group n Nonlinear least squares fit Graphical analysis k1 k2 k3 k4 VB Ki Ki[G] Ki Ki[G] Fasting All groups 14 0.63 ± 0.14 0.78 ± 0.18 0.36 ± 0.19 0.23 ± 0.62 7 ± 8 0.29 ± 0.14 1.5 ± 0.7 0.22 ± 0.12 1.2 ± 0.6 Normal IS 7 0.62 ± 0.12 0.76 ± 0.15 0.43 ± 0.24 0.47 ± 0.83 12 ± 8 0.34 ± 0.18 1.8 ± 0.9 0.23 ± 0.14 1.3 ± 0.8 Low IS 7 0.64 ± 0.16 0.79 ± 0.22 0.29 ± 0.07 0.001 ± 0.0003 1 ± 1 0.23 ± 0.06 1.2 ± 0.3 0.21 ± 0.09 1.1 ± 0.5 Clamp All groups 24 0.63 ± 0.19 0.79 ± 0.27 0.55 ± 0.24* 0.11 ± 0.33 10 ± 8 0.43 ± 0.15* 2.3 ± 0.9* 0.42 ± 0.18* 2.2 ± 0.9* Normal IS 9 0.60 ± 0.16 0.74 ± 0.20 0.57 ± 0.25 0.02 ± 0.06* 13 ± 22 0.45 ± 0.18 2.3 ± 1.1 0.39 ± 0.16† 2.0 ± 0.8 High IS 8 0.62 ± 0.21 0.77 ± 0.26 0.50 ± 0.17 0.001 ± 0.0003* 6 ± 6 0.40 ± 0.13 2.0 ± 0.7 0.42 ± 0.14* 2.1 ± 0.8* Low IS 7 0.68 ± 0.23 0.88 ± 0.36 0.59 ± 0.30* 0.34 ± 0.56 9 ± 16 0.44 ± 0.15* 2.4 ± 1.0* 0.45 ± 0.24* 2.4 ± 1.2*
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