Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
Flowchart of study population. ECOG = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance; Vp3 = tumor thrombus in first-order branches of the portal vein; Vp4 = tumor thrombus in the main trunk of the portal vein and/or contralateral portal vein branch to the primarily involved lobe.
- FIGURE 2.
Crude analysis: cumulative probability of OS (A), tumor progression (B), and intrahepatic tumor progression (C) according to treatment groups.
- FIGURE 3.
After using IPTW: cumulative probability of OS (A), tumor progression (B), and intrahepatic tumor progression (C) according to treatment groups.
Tables
Characteristic TARE (n = 57) Resection (n = 500) P Age (y) 69.0 (60.0–77.0) 60.0 (52.0–68.0) < 0.001 Age < 0.001 < 60 y 13 (22.8%) 246 (49.2%) ≥ 60 y 44 (77.2%) 254 (50.8%) Male sex 50 (87.7%) 417 (83.4%) 0.52 ASA classification 0.047 1 or 2 29 (50.9%) 326 (65.2%) 3 28 (49.1%) 174 (34.8%) Etiology 0.21 Hepatitis B virus 33 (57.9%) 335 (67.0%) Hepatitis C virus 3 (5.3%) 31 (6.2%) Alcohol 8 (14.0%) 41 (8.2%) NASH 0 (0.0%) 15 (3.0%) Unknown 13 (22.8%) 78 (15.6%) Liver cirrhosis 22 (38.6%) 151 (30.2%) 0.25 ALBI grade 0.30 1 45 (78.9%) 426 (85.2%) ≥ 2* 12 (21.1%) 74 (14.8%) α-fetoprotein (ng/mL) 7.3 (4.3–132.4) 15.4 (4.2–774.4) 0.19 α-fetoprotein 0.09 < 400 ng/mL 47 (82.5%) 355 (71.0%) ≥ 400 ng/mL 10 (17.5%) 145 (29.0%) Tiny satellite nodules 4 (7.0%) 22 (4.4%) 0.33 Tumor size (cm) 10.0 (7.5–11.3) 7.0 (5.5–9.2) < 0.001 Tumor size < 0.001 < 8 cm 17 (29.8%) 306 (61.2%) ≥ 8 cm 40 (70.2%) 194 (38.8%) Lobar involvement 0.04 Unilobar 41 (71.9%) 420 (84.0%) Bilobar 16 (28.1%) 80 (16.0%) Level of PVTT 0.02 Vp0 (absent) 51 (89.5%) 467 (93.4%) Vp1 1 (1.8%) 23 (4.6%) Vp2 5 (8.8%) 10 (2.0%) ↵* One patient in resection group had ALBI grade 3.
NASH = nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; ALBI = albumin–bilirubin; ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists; Vp0 = absence of tumor thrombus in the portal vein; Vp1 = tumor thrombus in distal to the second order branches of the portal vein, but not of the second order branches; Vp2 = tumor thrombus in second order branches of the portal vein.
Qualitative data are number and percentage; continuous data are median and IQR.
Univariable analysis Multivariable analysis Variable HR P HR P Age ≥ 60 (vs. < 60) 0.74 (0.38–1.45) 0.38 Male (vs. female) 1.22 (0.58–2.58) 0.60 ASA classification 3 (vs. 1 or 2) 2.64 (1.34–5.21) 0.005 1.95 (0.88–4.32) 0.10 Hepatitis B virus–related (vs. the others) 1.23 (0.62–2.43) 0.56 Liver cirrhosis 2.51 (1.22–5.16) 0.01 1.07 (0.43–2.65) 0.89 Albumin–bilirubin grade ≥ 2 (vs. 1) 2.60 (1.23–5.49) 0.01 1.98 (1.02–3.83) 0.04 AFP ≥ 400 ng/mL (vs. < 400 ng/mL) 0.80 (0.40–1.60) 0.53 Satellite nodules 1.47 (0.98–2.20) 0.06 1.29 (0.87–1.90) 0.20 Tumor size ≥ 8 cm 1.41 (0.63–3.14) 0.40 Bilobar involvement 1.51 (0.73–3.12) 0.26 Vp2 (vs. Vp0 or Vp1) 1.63 (0.94–2.81) 0.08 1.57 (0.86–2.84) 0.14 TARE (vs. resection) 0.98 (0.40–2.43) 0.97 1.04 (0.42–2.59) 0.93 Data are with weighted population, using variables with P value under 0.1 at univariable analysis. Data in parentheses are 95% CI.
AFP = α-fetoprotein; Vp0 = absence of tumor thrombus in the portal vein; Vp1 = tumor thrombus in distal to the second-order branches of the portal vein, but not of the second-order branches; Vp2 = tumor thrombus in second-order branches of the portal vein.
TARE (n = 57) Resection (n = 500) P Adverse event Any grade Grade 3 or 4 Any grade Grade 3 or 4 Any grade Grade 3 or 4 Overall incidence 25 (43.9%) 5 (8.8%) 500 (100%) 500 (100%) < 0.001 < 0.001 Ascites 0 0 37 (7.4%) 5 (1.0%) 0.024 1.00 Fever 3 (5.3%) 0 104 (20.8%) 1 (0.2%) 0.008 1.00 Nausea 7 (12.3%) 0 54 (10.8%) 3 (0.6%) 0.91 1.00 Vomiting 5 (8.8%) 0 33 (6.6%) 1 (0.2%) 0.58 1.00 Abdominal pain 15 (26.3%) 3 (5.3%) 500 (100%) 500 (100%) < 0.001 < 0.001 Biliary anastomotic leak 0 0 14 (2.8%) 9 (1.8%) 0.38 0.61 Wound complication 0 0 28 (5.6%) 3 (0.6%) 0.10 1.00 Dyspnea 0 0 14 (2.8%) 5 (1.0%) 0.38 1.00 Gastrointestinal hemorrhage 0 0 6 (1.2%) 1 (0.2%) 1.00 1.00 AST elevation 4 (7.0%) 1 (1.8%) 488 (97.6%) 269 (53.8%) < 0.001 < 0.001 ALT elevation 3 (5.3%) 1 (1.8%) 481 (96.2%) 248 (49.6%) < 0.001 < 0.001 Bilirubin elevation 2 (3.5%) 1 (1.8%) 350 (70.0%) 37 (7.4%) < 0.001 0.16 Portal vein thrombosis 0 0 15 (3.0%) 5 (1.0%) 0.39 1.00 Adverse events requiring intervention 0 NA 16 (3.2%) NA 0.39 NA Listed are adverse events, as defined by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5.0). Data are number and percentage.
AST = aspartate aminotransferase; ALT = alanine transaminase; NA = not applicable.
Supplemental Data
Files in this Data Supplement:
In this issue
Jump to section
Related Articles
Cited By...
- No citing articles found.