Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
Overview of study population. CCTA = coronary CT angiography; ECG = electrocardiogram.
- FIGURE 2.
Cumulative incidence rates for adjusted all-cause death with and without MI between CAG and MPI groups.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Characteristics of Patients with Stable CAD Undergoing Initial Diagnostic Evaluation with Either CAG or MPI
Overall (n = 137,066) Characteristic CAG (n = 117,134) MPI (n = 19,932) P Age (y) 60.6 ± 12.1 61.7 ± 12.2 <0.001 Sex, male, n (%) 63,912 (54.6) 10,422 (52.3) <0.001 No. of patients enrolled (%) <0.001 July 2009 to June 2010 23,985 (20.5) 6,389 (32.1) July 2010 to June 2011 28,193 (24.1) 5,513 (27.7) July 2011 to June 2012 31,583 (27.0) 4,240 (21.3) July 2012 to June 2013 33,373 (28.5) 3,790 (19.0) No. of comorbid conditions (%) Diabetes 23,380 (20.0) 4,864 (24.4) <0.001 Diabetes with chronic complications 11,520 (9.8) 2,115 (10.6) 0.001 Hyperlipidemia 33,591 (28.7) 6,995 (35.1) <0.001 Hypertension 52,629 (44.9) 10,184 (51.1) <0.001 Congestive heart failure 6,844 (5.8) 830 (4.2) <0.001 Arrhythmia 7,686 (6.6) 1,492 (7.5) <0.001 Valvular disease 1,622 (1.4) 269 (1.4) 0.694 Peripheral vascular disease 13,869 (11.8) 2,345 (11.8) 0.761 Cerebrovascular disease 14,026 (12.0) 2,522 (12.7) 0.007 Chronic pulmonary disease 25,327 (21.6) 4,076 (20.5) <0.001 Moderate to severe liver disease 416 (0.4) 179 (0.9) <0.001 Renal disease 3,107 (2.7) 991 (5.0) <0.001 Cancer 6,246 (5.3) 2,993 (15.0) <0.001 Rheumatic disease 3,533 (3.0) 817 (4.1) <0.001 Charlson comorbidity index 1.5 ± 1.8 2.0 ± 2.2 <0.001 Data are expressed as n, with percentages in parentheses, and mean ± SD.
- TABLE 2
Patient and Hospital Characteristics of CAG and MPI in South Korea Between 2009 and 2013
Characteristic July 2009 to June 2010 July 2010 to June 2011 July 2011 to June 2012 July 2012 to June 2013 P CAG Age (y) 60.0 ± 12.2 60.4 ± 12.1 60.9 ± 12.1 60.9 ± 12.1 <0.001 Age groups (y) <0.001 <55 8,184 (34.1) 9,162 (32.5) 9,719 (30.8) 10,301 (30.9) 55–64 6,722 (28.0) 8,048 (28.6) 9,388 (29.7) 9,825 (29.4) ≥65 9,079 (37.9) 10,983 (39.0) 12,476 (39.5) 13,247 (39.7) Male sex (n) 12,881 (53.7) 15,259 (54.1) 17,321 (54.8) 18,451 (55.3) 0.001 No. of hospitals providing a procedure 154 157 161 174 Procedure volume of a hospital, per year 155.7 ± 174.3 179.6 ± 189.7 196.2 ± 188.7 191.8 ± 182.9 0.047 MPI Age (y) 61.0 ± 12.2 61.5 ± 12.1 62.0 ± 12.3 62.9 ± 12.3 <0.001 Age groups (y) <0.001 <55 1,910 (29.9) 1,610 (29.2) 1,153 (27.2) 928 (24.5) 55–64 1,704 (26.7) 1,448 (26.3) 1,171 (27.6) 1,013 (26.7) ≥65 2,775 (43.4) 2,455 (44.5) 1,916 (45.2) 1,849 (48.8) Male sex (n) 3,237 (50.7) 2,925 (53.1) 2,298 (54.2) 1,962 (51.8) 0.002 No. of hospitals providing a procedure 59 56 54 54 Procedure volume of a hospital, per year 108.3 ± 499.7 98.4 ± 479.7 78.5 ± 365.2 70.2 ± 310.1 0.537 Data are expressed as n, with percentages in parentheses, and mean ± SD.
- TABLE 3
Clinical Outcomes in Crude and Adjusted with Inverse Probability Treatment Weight Methods in Patients Undergoing CAG or MPI
Incidence rate* CAG compared with MPI Clinical outcome MPI (95% CI) CAG (95% CI) Crude hazard ratio (95% CI) P Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) P Crude All-cause death 15.28 (14.25–16.30) 14.58 (14.13–15.02) 0.90 (0.83–0.96) 0.003 MI 2.35 (1.96–2.75) 4.43 (4.19–4.68) 1.75 (1.46–2.09) <0.001 Coronary revascularization 1.88 (1.53–2.24) 59.13 (58.18–60.07) 25.33 (20.96–30.60) <0.001 All-cause death/MI 17.20 (16.11–18.29) 18.39 (17.89–18.89) 1.00 (0.93–1.07) 0.999 All-cause death/MI/coronary revascularization 18.95 (17.81–20.10) 77.07 (75.98–78.17) 3.42 (3.22–3.64) <0.001 Adjusted with inverse probability of treatment weighting All-cause death 12.87 (11.80–13.93) 15.02 (14.53–15.52) 1.16 (1.06–1.25) 0.001 MI 2.26 (1.79–2.73) 4.46 (4.20–4.71) 1.95 (1.60–2.36) <0.001 Coronary revascularization 2.20 (1.65–2.76) 58.00 (57.05–58.94) 24.15 (19.66–29.68) <0.001 All-cause death/MI 14.79 (13.63–15.95) 18.85 (18.30–19.40) 1.26 (1.17–1.36) <0.001 All-cause death/MI/coronary revascularization 16.85 (15.56–18.14) 76.42 (75.30–77.53) 4.24 (3.96–4.54) <0.001 ↵* Incidence rate per 1,000 person-year.
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