Supraclavicular Brown Adipose Tissue 18F-FDG Uptake and Cardiovascular Disease

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FIGURE 1.
Measurement of BAT uptake. Supraclavicular fat was identified using CT density thresholds (HU −50 to −250). BAT ¹⁸F-FDG uptake was assessed by manually drawing region of interest within supraclavicular fat in axial plane. SUV_mean was recorded bilaterally.
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FIGURE 2.
Scatterplot between average mean BAT uptake and aortic TBR (A), age (B), BMI (C), and CT assessment (HU) of BAT (D).
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FIGURE 3.
Bar plot comparing average mean BAT uptake in women and men. Error bars represent ±SE.
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FIGURE 4.
Scatterplot in average mean BAT SUV and cardiovascular event.
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FIGURE 5.
Kaplan–Meier plot displaying proportion free of CVD events in individuals with vs. without BAT activation. (A) Activated BAT was identified using threshold BAT SUV of 1.0. (B) Activated BAT was identified as a BAT SUV that had 3 times activity of SAT SUV. When either definition was used, individuals with activated BAT (green) had fewer CVD events than those without activated BAT (blue).

TABLE 1

Baseline Characteristics of Study Subjects

↵* Available in 215 patients.
Values are mean, with SD in parentheses; median, with P25–P75 in parentheses; or n, with percentage in parentheses.

TABLE 2

¹⁸F-FDG Uptake

TABLE 3

BAT Activation Versus Events

			Significance of association with events
BAT activity measure	Method used to define high BAT	Cutoff value	Univariate	Correct for age	Correct for sex	Correct for BMI
BAT SUV	High sensitivity on ROC analysis	1.00	0.048^*	0.138	0.058^†	0.049^*
	High accuracy on ROC analysis	0.46	0.065^†	0.037^*	0.051^†	0.054^†
BAT/SAT ratio	High sensitivity on ROC analysis	8.32	0.114	0.266	0.129	0.117
	High accuracy on ROC analysis	3.00	0.028^*	0.061^†	0.036^*	0.029^*