Radiation Dosimetry of Whole-Body Dual-Tracer 18F-FDG and 11C-Acetate PET/CT for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Dan Liu; Pek-Lan Khong; Yiming Gao; Usman Mahmood; Brian Quinn; Jean St. Germain; X. George Xu; Lawrence T. Dauer

doi:10.2967/jnumed.115.165944

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TABLE 1

Organ Equivalent Dose and Effective Dose from Typical Whole-Body Dual-Tracer PET/CT to Adult Male and Female Patients

	Dose from ¹⁸F-FDG and ¹¹C-acetate^*		Dose from CT^†		Total dose
Organ	Male (n = 12)	Female (n = 2)	Male (n = 12)	Female (n = 2)	Male (n = 12)	Female (n = 2)
Adrenals	6.22 ± 1.29	6.25 ± 0.74	24.96 ± 12.47	14.82 ± 2.47	31.18 ± 13.52	21.06 ± 1.73
Brain	13.27 ± 3.17	12.08 ± 2.38	1.99 ± 1.26	1.40 ± 0.35	15.26 ± 4.11	13.48 ± 2.74
Breasts	3.71 ± 0.80	3.79 ± 0.58	19.05 ± 11.44	12.51 ± 5.63	22.76 ± 12.09	16.30 ± 6.21
Gallbladder wall	3.47 ± 0.74	3.87 ± 0.50	18.30 ± 7.17	11.87 ± 0.41	21.76 ± 7.69	15.73 ± 0.09
Colon	10.35 ± 2.28	10.58 ± 1.72	20.85 ± 8.41	16.87 ± 1.71	31.20 ± 10.10	27.45 ± 3.44
Small intestine	4.93 ± 1.07	4.79 ± 0.74	20.09 ± 8.01	18.88 ± 3.01	25.02 ± 8.68	23.67 ± 3.76
Stomach wall	3.75 ± 0.81	3.92 ± 0.57	21.15 ± 8.43	14.04 ± 0.40	24.90 ± 9.05	17.96 ± 0.97
Heart wall	20.80 ± 4.31	23.53 ± 2.61	21.70 ± 9.74	14.98 ± 4.85	42.50 ± 13.06	38.51 ± 7.46
Kidneys	31.36 ± 8.57	32.60 ± 1.19	24.35 ± 9.96	14.91 ± 0.27	55.70 ± 14.33	47.51 ± 0.92
Liver	15.34 ± 3.24	16.96 ± 1.07	24.93 ± 10.03	15.89 ± 0.06	40.26 ± 12.05	32.85 ± 1.13
Lungs	6.95 ± 1.55	7.42 ± 1.25	23.17 ± 10.84	15.96 ± 4.04	30.12 ± 12.06	23.38 ± 5.30
Muscle	4.07 ± 0.89	4.09 ± 0.64	18.34 ± 8.06	14.09 ± 3.93	22.41 ± 8.76	18.18 ± 4.57
Ovaries/testes^‡	4.23 ± 0.95	6.06 ± 1.04	30.32 ± 12.27	18.56 ± 6.62	34.55 ± 13.03	24.62 ± 7.66
Pancreas	8.17 ± 1.75	9.16 ± 0.45	19.32 ± 7.29	12.66 ± 0.68	27.48 ± 8.11	21.82 ± 1.13
Red marrow	4.17 ± 0.90	4.11 ± 0.64	13.92 ± 5.79	10.58 ± 2.56	18.08 ± 6.47	14.69 ± 3.20
Osteogenic cells	6.38 ± 1.40	6.32 ± 1.02	17.32 ± 7.39	13.40 ± 3.32	23.70 ± 8.48	19.71 ± 4.34
Skin	3.22 ± 0.70	3.05 ± 0.48	14.09 ± 7.30	10.32 ± 3.01	17.31 ± 7.83	13.36 ± 3.49
Spleen	5.19 ± 1.08	5.40 ± 0.70	25.65 ± 11.46	16.28 ± 0.17	30.83 ± 12.32	21.68 ± 0.87
Thymus	4.62 ± 0.99	4.92 ± 0.73	24.50 ± 9.84	16.74 ± 5.97	29.12 ± 10.49	21.66 ± 6.70
Thyroid	3.92 ± 0.87	3.61 ± 0.59	38.59 ± 28.23	23.43 ± 4.24	42.51 ± 28.78	27.04 ± 4.84
Urinary bladder wall	45.15 ± 10.94	50.20 ± 10.32	17.72 ± 6.01	20.07 ± 7.51	62.87 ± 15.50	70.27 ± 17.83
Uterus	—	6.83 ± 1.22	—	14.02 ± 1.70	—	20.85 ± 2.91
Effective dose^§	7.64 ± 1.64	8.41 ± 1.26	21.20 ± 8.94	14.79 ± 3.35	28.84 ± 10.18	23.19 ± 4.61