Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
Measurements of PSS index. (Upper) End-systole was defined on the basis of total average thickening curve. (Lower) PSS was determined from 17 segments using sum of difference between post–end-systolic max LV thickening (a) and end-systolic LV thickening (b) divided by post–end-systolic max LV thickening (a). If segment curve showed time to max LV thickening before end-systole, difference between max LV thickening and end-systolic LV thickening was assumed to be 0.
- FIGURE 2.
Box plots showing medians and 25th and 75th percentiles of phase SD, histogram bandwidth, and PSS index between patients with and without coronary artery disease. CAD = coronary artery disease.
- FIGURE 3.
Comparisons of PSS index with phase SD and histogram bandwidth. CAD = coronary artery disease.
- FIGURE 4.
Representative cases of phase analysis and 17-segment thickening curves. Results from patient without coronary artery stenosis (A) and results from patient with significant coronary artery stenosis of right coronary artery and left circumflex artery (B). In A, phase SD = 10°, histogram bandwidth = 37°, and PSS index = 2.7, and in B, phase SD = 10°, histogram bandwidth = 39°, and PSS index = 29.6.
- FIGURE 5.
Diagnostic usefulness of PSS index, SDS, and combination of PSS index and SDS.
Tables
Characteristic No coronary artery disease (n = 53) Coronary artery disease (n = 93) P Mean age ± SD (y) 70.5 ± 8.3 70.6 ± 8.1 NS Male sex (n) 29 (55) 69 (74) 0.02 Exercise 21 (40) 47 (51) NS Adenosine 32 (60) 46 (49) NS Body mass index 23.7 ± 3.1 24.1 ± 3.0 NS Hypertension (n) 47 (89) 83 (89) NS Dyslipidemia (n) 33 (62) 67 (72) NS Diabetes mellitus (n) 14 (26) 46 (49) <0.01 Current smoker (n) 7 (13) 14 (15) NS Prior smoker (n) 21 (40) 37 (40) NS Family history of coronary artery disease (n) 14 (26) 23 (25) NS LV function at rest End-diastolic volume (mL) 61.2 ± 17.2 63.6 ± 17.3 NS End-systolic volume (mL) 16.8 ± 8.1 19.8 ± 9.2 NS Ejection fraction (%) 74.1 ± 8.8 70.0 ± 8.3 0.01 Transient ischemic dilatation 1.0 ± 0.1 1.0 ± 0.1 NS LV phase analysis Phase SD (°) 10.2 ± 4.0 10.5 ± 3.9 NS Histogram bandwidth (°) 37.8 ± 16.2 40.5 ± 17.4 NS PSS index 5.6 ± 5.1 9.8 ± 10.2 <0.01 SSS 3.8 ± 3.2 7.0 ± 4.8 <0.01 SRS 1.7 ± 2.0 2.2 ± 3.0 NS SDS 2.1 ± 2.9 4.8 ± 3.8 <0.01 Data are expressed as mean ± SD or as number, with percentage in parentheses.
NS = not significant.
Predictor Area under curve Sensitivity (%) Specificity (%) PPV (%) NPV (%) Phase SD 0.53 48 57 66 38 Histogram bandwidth 0.53 51 59 68 40 PSS index 0.64 55 70 76 47 SSS 0.71 74 55 74 55 SRS 0.52 45 55 64 36 SDS 0.74 74 66 79 59 - TABLE 3
Univariate and Multivariate Logistic Analysis for Detecting Coronary Artery Stenosis
Univariate logistic analysis Multivariate logistic analysis Predictor Odds ratio SEE 95% confidence interval P Odds ratio SEE 95% confidence interval P Age 1.00 0.02 0.96−1.04 NS Men 2.38 0.36 1.17−4.85 0.02 1.57 0.42 0.69−3.55 NS Transient ischemic dilatation ≧ 1.1 0.76 0.36 0.38–1.53 NS Phase SD ≧ 10° 0.85 0.35 0.43−1.69 NS Histogram bandwidth ≧ 37° 1.44 0.35 0.73−2.85 NS PSS index ≧ 6 2.81 0.37 1.37−5.74 <0.01 2.46 0.40 1.11−5.43 0.03 SSS ≧ 4 3.47 0.36 1.70−7.09 <0.01 1.17 0.47 0.47–2.92 NS SRS ≧ 2 1.00 0.35 0.51−1.96 NS SDS ≧ 3 5.59 0.38 2.68−11.65 <0.01 4.76 0.44 2.00−11.35 <0.01 NS = not significant.
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