Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
(A) Planar anterior image showing drainage of 99mTc-nanocolloid from injection site in right testicle to 2 abdominal lymph nodes and radioactivity along lymphatic channel, which decreased in time, indicating lymphatic tract visualization. (B) Coronal SPECT/CT image fusion showing both sentinel lymph nodes (yellow) alongside inferior vena cava. (C) Laparoscopic SN procedure using portable γ-camera and laparoscopic γ-ray detection probe. (D) Preexcision image (left screen) acquired with portable γ-camera showing both SNs in operation room. After excision (right screen), no significant remaining activity is seen.
- FIGURE 2.
(A) Planar anterior image showing drainage from right testicle to 2 adjacent lymph nodes in medial area of abdomen. Some uptake is also seen in more laterally located lymph node (arrows). (B) Coronal fused SPECT/CT image showing both medial lymph nodes between aorta and vena cava and lateral node in trajectory of right testicular vessels. (C) Transverse SPECT/CT image showing 2 SNs displayed in yellow. (D) CT image showing that medial SN corresponds to small lymph node ventral to area between aorta and cava, whereas lateral node is in area ventral to psoas muscle (circles). In this funicular SN, micrometastases were found at histopathology.
- FIGURE 3.
(A) Planar anterior image showing drainage from injection site in left testicle to 2 abdominal lymph nodes (arrows) and radioactivity along lymphatic channel indicating lymphatic tract visualization. (B) Fused SPECT/CT image displayed with 3-dimensional volume rendering showing cranial lymph node alongside aorta and caudal node in retroperitoneal trajectory of left testicular vessels (arrows). Some remaining activity is seen in lymphatic channels. (C) Transversal fused SPECT/CT image showing caudal SN (displayed in yellow). (D) CT image showing corresponding lymph node ventral from left psoas muscle (within circle). (E and F) Paraaortic SN is displayed in both fused SPECT/CT (yellow on E) image and CT (within circle on F) image.
Tables
Patient Age (y) Side Pathology SPECT/CT findings Excised nodes SN metastases Recurrence Follow-up (mo) 1 50 Left Seminoma 1 SN, paraaortic zone 1 — — 50 2 29 Right Seminoma 1 SN, paracaval zone 4 — — 46 1 SN, interaortocaval zone 3 34 Right Seminoma 2 SNs, interaortocaval zone 2 — — 39 4 33 Left Seminoma 2 SNs, paraaortic zone 4 — — 39 5 34 Right Nonseminoma 2 SNs, interaortocaval zone 3 — — 23 1 SN, right common iliac zone 6 41 Left Seminoma 1 SN, paraaortic zone 1 — — 19 7 48 Right Seminoma 2 SNs, interaortocaval zone 3 + — 11 1 SN, adjacent to (right) testicular vessels 8 37 Right Seminoma 2 SNs, paracaval zone 2 — — 6 9 35 Left Seminoma 1 SN, paraaortic zone 3 — — 6 1 SN, adjacent to (left) testicular vessels 10 25 Left Nonseminoma 2 SNs, paraaortic zone 3 — — 2 1 SN, adjacent to (left) testicular vessels
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