Abstract
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Objectives FDG PET can be limited in the evaluation of prostate cancer. Several other PET tracers show promise. Using whole genome microarray profile of cell lines, we compared the expression of messages related to the key pathways linked to radiotracer uptake and retention to inform selection and development of prostate cancer imaging radiotracers.
Methods Total RNA from PC3, DU145, LnCaP prostate cancer cell lines and duplicated immortal prostate cell line were extracted. Affy U133 plus 2.0 genomic chips (47,000 transcripts) were used in this study and the raw data were normalized and then analyzed with Robust Multichip Average (RMA) and Spotfire software.
Results The rank of folate hydrolase expression from high to low expression as compared to normal prostate cell line was LnCaP (13909.6%), DU145 (107.9%), and PC3 (90.6%). PC3 presented minimally higher HK1 (129.4%) and PKM2 (104.5%) expression and DU145 showed higher PKM2 (166.7%) as compared to normal. The ranks of thymidine kinase (TK1) and choline kinase (CHKA) from high to low expression as compared to normal prostate cell line were PC3 (1104.7%), DU145 (934.4%), and LnCaP (727.7%) in TK1 and PC3 (383.9%), LnCaP (223.9%), and DU145 (160.7%) in CHKA. Only LnCaP (146.3%) presents slightly higher expression in acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase (AACS).
Conclusions All of three prostate metastatic cell lines in this study presented with moderate to marked overexpression of TK1 and moderate overexpresion of CHKA, which suggested that FLT and Choline may use for detection of hematogeneous and lymphogeneous metastases. LNCaP presented with marked overexpression of FOLH1, but was not overexpressed in two non nodal lines. Glycolysis and acetate metabolism pathways were not impressively elevated in this study except mild to moderate overexpression of PKM2 in PC3 and DU145 and AACS in LNCaP
Ave NP: average of gene expression in normal prostate cell lines. TYMS: thymidylate synthetase. Percentage is in the parenthesis as compared to normal prostate cell line
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