Recent advances in the field of immune-oncology led to the discovery of next-generation
immune checkpoints (ICPs). Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), being the most widely …

Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is a promising cancer therapy, which has progressed
rapidly from a preclinical concept to clinical implementation. Commonly considered targets …

Persistent antigen exposure and inflammatory signals in tumors induce expression of
various co-inhibitory or immune checkpoint receptors on T cells, including programmed …

Cancer immunotherapy and tumor microenvironment have been at the forefront of research
over the past decades. Targeting immune checkpoints especially programmed death 1 (PD …

Progressive upregulation of checkpoints on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes promotes an
immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, severely compromising tumor immunity …

The blockade of immune checkpoints (ICPs), such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated
protein-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), has propelled …

Immune checkpoint therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by blocking inhibitory
pathways in T cells that limits the an effective anti-tumor immune response. Therapeutics …

Immune checkpoint inhibition has been shown to successfully reactivate T cell responses
directed against tumor‑associated antigens, resulting in significantly prolonged overall …

The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) pathway is an important regulator of immune
responses in peripheral tissues, including abnormal situations such as the tumor …

In the tumor microenvironment, multiple inhibitory checkpoint receptors can suppress T-cell
function, thereby enabling tumor immune evasion. Blockade of one of these checkpoint …