Bone remodeling depends on the precise coordination of bone resorption and subsequent
bone formation. Disturbances of this process are associated with skeletal diseases, such as …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the focus of intensive efforts worldwide directed not only
at elucidating their nature and unique properties but also developing cell-based therapies …

Osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent and debilitating joint disorder. There is no effective medical
therapy for the condition because of limited understanding of its pathogenesis. We show …

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), the most abundant growth factor in the bone matrix,
maintains bone mass in adulthood. We now report that IGF-1 released from the bone matrix …

Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles
such as nucleons as well as nuclei. As a future high energy nuclear physics project, an …

Osteogenesis during bone modeling and remodeling is coupled with angiogenesis. A recent
study showed that a specific vessel subtype, strongly positive for CD31 and endomucin (…

Cardiomyocytes (CMs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are functionally
immature, but this is improved by incorporation into engineered tissues or forced contraction…

Human exposure to perfluorinated compounds is a worldwide phenomenon; however, routes
of human exposure to these compounds have not been well-characterized. Fifty-four solid …

TGF-β 1–3 are unique multi-functional growth factors that are only expressed in mammals,
and mainly secreted and stored as a latent complex in the extracellular matrix (ECM). The …

Phthalates are a group of diesters of ortho‐phthalic acid (dialkyl or alkyl aryl esters of 1,2‐benzenedicarboxylic
acid). Higher‐molecular‐weight phthalates, such as di‐2‐ethylhexyl …