Background & Aims : Inflammation of the intestinal muscularis following manipulation during
surgery plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of postoperative ileus. Here, we evaluate …

The cholinergic nervous system attenuates the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and
inhibits inflammatory processes. Hence, in animal models of intestinal inflammation, such …

Mast cells may be regarded as prototypes of innate immune cells that can be controlled by
neuronal mediators. Their activation has been implicated in many types of neuro-…

Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are integral players in homeostasis of immunity and host
defense in the gut and are under influence of the intestinal microbiome. Microbial metabolites …

Acetylcholine released by efferent vagus nerves inhibits macrophage activation. Here we
show that the anti-inflammatory action of nicotinic receptor activation in peritoneal …

The location of embryonic lymph node development is determined by the initial clustering of
lymphoid tissue–inducer (LTi) cells. Here we demonstrate that both the chemokine CXCL13 …

Objective Recent studies have suggested an important role for neurotransmitters as modulators
of inflammation. Therefore, we undertook this study to investigate the expression of the …

Background & Aims Histologic analysis is used to distinguish patients with proton pump
inhibitor–responsive eosinophilia (PPI-REE) from those with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). It is …

Background & Aims Visceral hypersensitivity is one feature of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Bacterial dysbiosis might be involved in the activation of nociceptive sensory pathways, but …

Background & Aims : Postoperative ileus after abdominal surgery largely contributes to patient
morbidity and prolongs hospitalization. We aimed to study its pathophysiology in a murine …