Proteasomes are eukaryotic ring-shaped or cylindrical particles with multicatalytic protease
activities. To clarify the involvement of proteasomes in tumorigenesis of human blood cells, …

Objective The optimal management of acute cholecystitis in patients at very high risk for
cholecystectomy is uncertain. The aim of the current study was to compare endoscopic …

Background Although recent reports indicate that K-ras mutation status is a biomarker that
acts as a prognostic factor, only a few analyses of K-ras mutation subtypes have been …

Materials and methods We retrospectively studied 104 colorectal tumors treated with EMR
from 1995 to 2004, and 85 colorectal tumors treated with ESD from 2005 to 2009. We …

Background and study aim: To date, only a few reports with small numbers of patients have
described double stenting (biliary and duodenal), in particular endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-…

Background and Aim Recently, the digital single‐operator cholangioscope ( SPY‐DS ) has
become available. This system may allow diagnosis by direct visualization and allow …

Interventional procedures using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have recently been developed.
For biliary drainage, EUS-guided trans-luminal drainage has been reported. In this …

Background and Aim Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided biliary drainage ( EUS ‐ BD ) can be
carried out by two different approaches: choledochoduodenostomy ( CDS ) and …

Background and Aims Histologic diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) using EUS-guided
FNA (EUS-FNA) is difficult. To address this issue, new fine-needle biopsy (FNB) needles …

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) is not normally indicated
for an obstructed right intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD). The technical feasibility and clinical …