Functionally exhausted T cells have high expression of the PD-1 inhibitory receptor, and
therapies that block PD-1 signaling show promise for resolving chronic viral infections and …

Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is an inhibitory immune receptor that regulates T cell function,
yet the molecular events that control its expression are largely unknown. We show here …

Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is a co-inhibitory receptor that plays important roles in
regulating T cell immunity and peripheral tolerance. PD-1 signaling prevents T cells from …

Huntington's disease (HD) is a fully penetrant autosomal-dominant inherited neurological
disorder caused by expanded CAG repeats in the Huntingtin gene. Transcriptional dysfunction…

Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is responsible for T cell exhaustion during chronic viral
infections and is expressed on a variety of immune cells following activation. Despite its …

Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a crucial negative regulator of CD8 T cell development and
function, yet the mechanisms that control its expression are not fully understood. Through a …

Hox proteins form complexes with Pbx and Meis cofactors to control gene expression, but
the role of Meis is unclear. We demonstrate that Hoxb1-regulated promoters are highly …

Oxidative stress induces neuronal apoptosis and is implicated in cerebral ischemia, head
trauma, and age‐related neurodegenerative diseases. An early step in this process is the loss …

Nuclear translocation of Smad proteins is a critical step in signal transduction of transforming
growth factor β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Using nuclear …

In this review the current knowledge about the arginine-degrading enzyme arginase and its
unexpected roles in survival and regeneration in the central nervous system will be …