Background Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of community-acquired and
hospital-acquired infections. It produces numerous toxins including superantigens that cause …

Deeper understanding of antibiotic-induced physiological responses is critical to identifying
means for enhancing our current antibiotic arsenal. Bactericidal antibiotics with diverse …

Glucose metabolism in glycolysis and in mitochondria is pivotal to glucose-induced insulin
secretion from pancreatic β cells. One or more factors derived from glycolysis other than …

Glycosylation at Asn297 within the CH2 domains of IgG is important for recognition by the
effector ligands Fc gammaR and C. Protein engineering has been used to replace amino acid …

We propose a two-dimensional sugar map method for the simple, reproducible, and sensitive
analysis of the structures of N-linked oligosaccharides. The structure of an unknown …

Insulin secretion from intact mouse pancreatic islets was investigated with two-photon excitation
imaging. Insulin granule exocytosis occurred mainly toward the interstitial space, away …

Edible bird's nest (EBN) is the nest of the swift that is made from its saliva. Although EBN
has been widely used for enhancing immunocompetence, its antiviral efficacy has not been …

Mice carrying a null mutation in the glucokinase (GK) gene in pancreatic β-cells, but not in
the liver, were generated by disrupting the β-cell-specific exon. Heterozygous mutant mice …

Activity-dependent competition of synapses plays a key role in neural organization and is
often promoted by GABA; however, its cellular bases are poorly understood. Excitatory …

Although a large variety of pharmaceutical therapies for treating disease have been developed
in recent years, there has been little progress in disease prevention. In particular, the …