The incidence of obesity and insulin resistance is growing, and the increase in type 2
diabetes mel-litus (DM2) constitutes one of the biggest challenges for our healthcare systems. …

The ability to efficiently adapt metabolism by substrate sensing, trafficking, storage, and
utilization, dependent on availability and requirement, is known as metabolic flexibility. In this …

Bile acids are best known as detergents involved in the digestion of lipids. In addition, new
data in the last decade have shown that bile acids also function as gut hormones capable of …

Background & Aims Obesity has been associated with changes in the composition and
function of the intestinal microbiota. Modulation of the microbiota by antibiotics also alters bile …

The human organism has tools to cope with metabolic challenges like starvation that are
crucial for survival. Lipolysis, lipid oxidation, ketone body synthesis, tailored endogenous …

Insulin resistance is perceived as deleterious, associated with conditions as the metabolic
syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus and critical illness. However, insulin resistance is …

Background Intermittent fasting (IF) was shown to increase whole-body insulin sensitivity,
but it is uncertain whether IF selectively influences intermediary metabolism. Such selectivity …

Background and aims Patients with COVID-19 infection presents with a broad clinical spectrum
of symptoms and complications. As a consequence nutritional requirements are not met, …

The bile acid receptor TGR5 (also known as GPBAR1) is a promising target for the
development of pharmacological interventions in metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, …

Context: Bile acids regulate lipid and carbohydrate metabolism by interaction with membrane
or intracellular proteins including the nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Postprandial …