Gallstones grow inside the gallbladder or biliary tract. These stones can be asymptomatic or
symptomatic; only gallstones with symptoms or complications are defined as gallstone …

Background: Early endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) should be
performed in all patients with acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) and coexisting acute cholangitis. …

Bile formation at the canalicular membrane is a delicate process. This is illustrated by inherited
liver diseases due to mutations in ATP8B1, ABCB11, ABCB4, ABCC2 and ABCG5/8, all …

Background Primary biliary cholangitis (formerly called primary biliary cirrhosis) can progress
to cirrhosis and death despite ursodiol therapy. Alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels …

Background & aims Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by chronic intestinal
inflammation, resulting from dysregulation of the mucosal immune system and compromised …

Extensive population-based studies are much needed to accurately establish epidemiology
and disease course in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We aimed to …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) improves laboratory liver test results
in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Few studies have assessed the prognostic …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Pruritus is a common and disabling symptom in cholestatic
disorders. However, its causes remain unknown. We hypothesized that potential pruritogens …

Background & Aims Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an uncommon autoimmune liver disease
of unknown etiology. We used a genome-wide approach to identify genetic variants that …

Background Protein energy malnutrition frequently occurs in liver cirrhosis. Hand-grip strength
according to Jamar is most reliable to predict protein energy malnutrition. We aimed to …