Objective To provide evidence‐based recommendations for the treatment of patients with
ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (SpA). Methods A core …

PURPOSE: To provide recommendations for the use of immunosuppressive drugs in the
treatment of patients with ocular inflammatory disorders. PARTICIPANTS: A 12-person panel of …

We are beginning to appreciate the complex relationship between the gut microbiome and
host immune regulation and dysregulation in health and disease. Potentially important …

Topic To provide recommendations for the use of anti-tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)
biologic agents in patients with ocular inflammatory disorders. Clinical Relevance Ocular …

Mast cells play an essential role during development of inflammation after chemical and
immunological insults and have been implicated in tissue fibrosis and angiogenesis. The exact …

Objective Infliximab, a monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor α, is approved by
the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of numerous autoimmune disorders. We …

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of treatment with methotrexate for noninfectious ocular
inflammation. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with …

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal methotrexate in the management
of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) involving the eye. DESIGN: …

Objective To evaluate the clinical usefulness of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors in
patients with inflammatory eye disease that is resistant to conventional immunosuppressive …

Objective Population‐based studies of patients with ankylosing spondylitis indicate that tumor
necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors prevent uveitis. Paradoxically, anecdotal reports implicate …