Transient and permanent focal cerebral ischemia results in a series of typical pathophysiologic
events. These consequences evolve in time and space and are not limited to the lesion …

Astrocytes play a key role in the pathogenesis of ammonia‐induced neurotoxicity and hepatic
encephalopathy. As shown here, ammonia induces protein tyrosine nitration in cultured rat …

For the specific analysis of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) function in the coronary vasculature,
we generated a mouse homozygous for a defective eNOS gene (eNOS−/−). Western …

TGR5 (Gpbar‐1) is a membrane‐bound bile acid receptor in the gastrointestinal tract and
immune cells with pleiotropic actions. As shown in the present study, TGR5 is also expressed …

The role of NADPH oxidase (NOX) and the regulatory subunit p47 phox for hypoosmotic
ROS generation was studied in cultured rat astrocytes and brain slices of wilde type and p47 …

Cell culture studies and animal models point to an important role of oxidative/nitrosative
stress in the pathogenesis of cerebral ammonia toxicity. However, it is unknown whether …

Astrocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and
ammonia toxicity, whereas little is known about microglia and neuroinflammation under these …

Oxidative stress plays a major role in cerebral ammonia toxicity and the pathogenesis of
hepatic encephalopathy (HE). As shown in this study, ammonia induces a rapid RNA oxidation …

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent complication of liver cirrhosis and is due to a low‐grade
cerebral edema associated with oxidative/nitrosative stress. Recent reports suggest …

Combustion-derived nanoparticles, such as diesel engine exhaust particles, have been
implicated in the adverse health effects of particulate air pollution. Recent studies suggest that …