The complement anaphylatoxin C5a is a proinflammatory component of host defense that
functions through two identified receptors, C5a receptor (C5aR) and C5L2. C5aR is a classical …

The evolutionarily conserved peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), or 18-kDa translocator
protein (TSPO), is thought to be essential for cholesterol transport and steroidogenesis, …

Heterozygous loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in PIK3R1 (encoding phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
[PI3K] regulatory subunits) cause activated PI3Kδ syndrome 2 (APDS2), which has a …

Positive selection of high-affinity B cells within germinal centers (GCs) drives affinity
maturation of antibody responses. Here, we examined the mechanism underlying the parallel …

Gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in PIK3CD, encoding the p110δ subunit of phosphatidylinositide
3-kinase (PI3K), cause a primary immunodeficiency. Affected individuals display …

Complement component C5a binds C5a receptor (C5aR) and facilitates leukocyte chemotaxis
and release of inflammatory mediators. We used neutrophils from human C5aR knock-in …

Resisting and tolerating microbes are alternative strategies to survive infection, but little is
known about the evolutionary mechanisms controlling this balance. Here genomic analyses of …

The notion that mobile units of nucleic acid known as transposable elements can operate as
genomic controlling elements was put forward over six decades ago 1 , 2 . However, it was …

Despite the important role of cannabinoid CB 1 receptors (CB 1 R) in brain development, little
is known about their status during adolescence, a critical period for both the development …

Glial neuroinflammation is associated with the development and progression of multiple
sclerosis. PET imaging offers a unique opportunity to evaluate neuroinflammatory processes …