CXCR 4 is a G‐protein‐coupled receptor that mediates recruitment of blood cells toward its
ligand SDF ‐1. In cancer, high CXCR 4 expression is frequently associated with tumor …

Osteonecrosis of the jaw as a result of treatment with receptor activators of nuclear factor
kappa-B ligand (RANKL) inhibitors (denosumab) is a new type of bony necrosis, the exact …

Purpose The pathogenesis of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is
not completely understood. The most popular hypothesis has suggested that the bone …

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) provides a means of nonshivering thermogenesis. In humans,
active BAT can be visualized by 18 F-FDG uptake as detected by PET combined with CT. The …

Chemokine ligand-receptor interactions play a pivotal role in cell attraction and cellular
trafficking, both in normal tissue homeostasis and in disease. In cancer, chemokine receptor-4 (…

CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor that is overexpressed in various human cancers and is
involved in tumor metastasis. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to evaluate a novel …

Purpose: Barrett's esophagus represents an early stage in carcinogenesis leading to
esophageal adenocarcinoma. Considerable evidence supports a major role for chronic …

Acute myeloid leukemia originates from leukemia-initiating cells that reside in the protective
bone marrow niche. CXCR4/CXCL12 interaction is crucially involved in recruitment and …

CXCR4 belongs to the family of chemokine receptors. Together with its sole known ligand
CXCL12 (SDF-1alpha), it has a pivotal role during organogenesis and for homing of …

Background Biliary strictures are a serious complication after liver transplantation. Endoscopic
and percutaneous transhepatic procedures have gained an increasing potential for the …