Purpose: To present the imaging, metabolic, and clinical data obtained in five patients with juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas (JPAs) and discuss the paradoxical neuroimaging findings.
Materials and methods: Five patients with JPAs who had undergone structural imaging and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) were studied. Normalized glucose utilization rates (GURs) in the tumor were compared with GURs in histopathologically verified low-grade astrocytomas and high-grade tumors.
Results: All JPAs enhanced markedly after administration of contrast medium. Their glucose metabolism was significantly (P < .001) higher than that of low-grade astrocytomas and was similar to that of anaplastic astrocytomas. All patients with JPAs were in stable condition and showed no evidence of disease progression despite contrast enhancement and high tumoral glucose metabolism.
Conclusion: The paradoxical FDG PET findings and enhancement at structural imaging might reflect the unusual vascularity of pilocytic tumors, and the increased GUR might be related to expression of the glucose transporter.