Abstract
Growth of thyroid cancer cells is stimulated by various growth factors via signal transduction pathways. TSH, EGF, IGF, and TGF-alpha stimulate and TGF-beta inhibits thyroid cell growth. TSH stimulates thyroid cells via both the adenylate cyclase-PKA and the PLC-PKC-Ca signal transduction pathways. TSH-r, ras, gsp, ret, trk, and myc are oncogenes that are activated in some thyroid neoplasms. P53 and RB are tumor suppressor genes that are inactivated in some thyroid cancers.
Publication types
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Epidermal Growth Factor / genetics
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Epidermal Growth Factor / physiology*
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Humans
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Oncogenes / genetics*
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Signal Transduction / genetics
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Signal Transduction / physiology*
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Somatomedins / genetics
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Somatomedins / physiology*
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Thyroid Gland / cytology
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Thyroid Neoplasms / genetics
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Thyrotropin / genetics
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Thyrotropin / physiology*
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Transforming Growth Factor alpha / genetics
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Transforming Growth Factor alpha / physiology*
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / genetics
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / physiology
Substances
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Somatomedins
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Transforming Growth Factor alpha
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Transforming Growth Factor beta
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Epidermal Growth Factor
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Thyrotropin