Abstract This study evaluates the predictive value of absorbed dose, biological effective dose, and time-dose-fractionation factors for use in patients receiving peptide radionuclide receptor therapy treatments by reanalyzing data in two different patient populations that have been reported in the literature. The analysis suggested that the alternative time-dose-fractionation model is as good and, in some cases, may be better in predicting kidney toxicity in these two patient populations than biological effective dose. This study suggests that future investigations proceed with more critical evaluation of different dosimetric quantities that may be more clinically useful in providing optimal patient treatment prescriptions for peptide radionuclide receptor therapy, rather than rely solely on a single methodology derived from experience with external-beam therapy.