RGD-human serum albumin conjugates as efficient tumor targeting probes

Mol Imaging. 2009 Mar-Apr;8(2):65-73.

Abstract

Cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) peptides and their derivatives have been intensively studied as tumor targeting probes. One major drawback, however, is their short blood circulation half-lives, which greatly compromises their targeting efficacy. To address this issue, a cyclic peptide, c(RGDyK), and an organic dye (IRDye800 or Cy5.5) were covalently conjugated onto human serum albumin (HSA). The conjugates were subjected to in vitro cell staining, in vivo near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, ex vivo NIRF imaging, and histologic studies to evaluate their feasibility as tumor imaging probes. As a control, RAD peptide was also coupled with HSA and labeled with IRDye800 for in vivo imaging. The HSA-RGD-IRDye800 exhibited integrin alpha(v)beta(3)-specific binding in cell staining experiment. In vivo NIRF imaging showed higher tumor accumulation and tumor to background contrast of HSA-RGD-IRDye800 over RGD-IRDye800. The integrin specificity of HSA-RGD-IRDye800 is confirmed by both successful inhibition of tumor uptake in the presence of c(RGDyK) and the inability to accumulate in integrin-positive tumors by RAD-HSA-IRDye800. Histologic examination revealed initial tumor vascular binding and eventually both tumor vasculature and tumor cell integrin binding in vivo. In summary, we successfully developed an RGD-based protein conjugate with prolonged circulation half-life for NIRF imaging of tumor integrin alpha(v)beta(3) expression. The success of this study may be generalizable for other peptide-based probes to be conjugated with HSA for prolonged tumor contrast and improved pharmacokinetics.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carbocyanines / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Half-Life
  • Histocytochemistry
  • Humans
  • Indoles / metabolism
  • Integrin alphaVbeta3 / analysis*
  • Integrin alphaVbeta3 / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Molecular Probe Techniques*
  • Neoplasm Transplantation
  • Neoplasms, Experimental / metabolism
  • Neoplasms, Experimental / pathology*
  • Peptides, Cyclic* / blood
  • Peptides, Cyclic* / metabolism
  • Protein Binding
  • Serum Albumin* / metabolism
  • Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared*
  • Tissue Distribution

Substances

  • CY5.5 cyanine dye
  • Carbocyanines
  • IRDye800
  • Indoles
  • Integrin alphaVbeta3
  • Peptides, Cyclic
  • Serum Albumin
  • cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide