Abstract
The importance of hypoxia in disease pathogenesis and prognosis is gathering increasing clinical significance and having a greater impact on patient management and outcome. Previous efforts to evaluate hypoxia have included the invasive assessment of hypoxia with immunohistologic and histographic oxygen probes. The emergence of new radiotracers has allowed noninvasive assessment of hypoxia, with the most extensively investigated and validated positron emission tomography radiotracer of hypoxia to date being (18)F-fluoromisonodazole ((18)F-FMISO). This review discusses the relevance and biology of hypoxia in cells and organ systems, and reviews the laboratory and clinical applications of (18)F-FMISO in oncology and noncancer disease states.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Brain Ischemia / diagnostic imaging*
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Brain Ischemia / metabolism
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Brain Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
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Brain Neoplasms / metabolism
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Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / diagnostic imaging
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Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / metabolism
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Cell Hypoxia
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Fluorine Radioisotopes
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Glioma / diagnostic imaging
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Glioma / metabolism
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Head and Neck Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
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Head and Neck Neoplasms / metabolism
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Humans
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Lung Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
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Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
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Misonidazole / analogs & derivatives*
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Misonidazole / chemical synthesis
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Misonidazole / pharmacokinetics
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Myocardial Ischemia / diagnostic imaging*
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Myocardial Ischemia / metabolism
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Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
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Neoplasms / metabolism
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Positron-Emission Tomography
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Radiopharmaceuticals* / chemical synthesis
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Radiopharmaceuticals* / pharmacokinetics
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Stroke / diagnostic imaging*
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Stroke / metabolism
Substances
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Fluorine Radioisotopes
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Radiopharmaceuticals
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fluoromisonidazole
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Misonidazole