Purpose: To investigate the incidence of translocations induced by iodine-131 therapy in thyrotoxicosis patients 1 year after the administration of the radiolabelled compound.
Materials and methods: Tricolour FISH with whole-chromosome-specific probes for chromosomes 2, 4 and 8 was used for scoring translocations. From the genomic translocation frequencies, derived using the Lucas formula, equivalent whole-body doses were calculated, based on the in vitro (60)Co gamma-ray dose-response curve.
Results: A total of 101 translocations were observed in 4864 metaphases, 63% being of the two-way type. In the control group used for obtaining dose-response data, nine translocations were observed in 5278 metaphases, 55% being two-way translocations. No correlation was found between the observed frequency of translocations and administered radioactivity. Using the in vitro dose-response, an estimated average dose for the group of nine patients of 0.79 +/- 0.22Gy was obtained. Compared with frequencies following the assumption that the involvement of a particular chromosome in a two-break exchange-type aberration is proportional to its DNA content, chromosome 4 was more frequently involved and chromosomes 2 and 8 less frequently involved in chromosomal rearrangements.
Conclusion: This study shows that (131)I therapy for thyrotoxicosis patients induced translocations, especially in chromosome 4, which could be detected 1 year after the administration of the radiolabelled compound.