Abdominal aortic calcium and multi-site atherosclerosis: The Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis☆
Section snippets
Study population
MESA is a prospective epidemiologic study of the prevalence, risk factors and progression of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) [13]. Briefly, 6814 participants aged 45–84 free of clinical CVD, identified as White, African-American, Hispanic, or Chinese, were recruited from six U.S. communities (Forsyth County, NC, Northern Manhattan and the Bronx, NY, Baltimore City and Baltimore County, MD, St. Paul, MN, Chicago, IL, and Los Angeles County, CA) in 2000–2002. Participants were solicited
Results
Age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors and measures of subclinical atherosclerosis are presented overall and by ethnicity in Table 1. Approximately 21% of subjects were black, 25% Hispanic, and 14% Chinese and 49% of the sample was female. All major risk factors and measures of subclinical disease differed significantly (p < 0.001) across ethnicity. Blood pressure levels, current smoking, and HDL-cholesterol levels were highest in blacks. LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and diabetes prevalence
Discussion
AAC is strongly associated with subclinical CVD in other vascular beds, including the coronary, carotid, and leg arteries. While less than 20% of persons under age 65 have evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis in ≥3 vascular beds, this increases to more than 50% after age 75. While the presence of AAC was closely associated with the presence of subclinical CVD elsewhere, even in the absence of AAC, subclinical CVD elsewhere was present in over one-fourth of women and nearly half of men.
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by contracts N01-HC-95159 through N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95169, and R01 HL-65580 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The authors thank the other investigators, staff, and participants of the MESA study for their valuable contributions. A full list of participating MESA investigators and institutions can be found at http://www.mesa-nhlbi.org.
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Abdominal aortic calcification is associated with decline in handgrip strength in the U.S. adult population ≥40 years of age
2021, Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular DiseasesArterial endothelial function, carotid artery intima-media thickness and abdominal aortic calcification in diabetic and nondiabetic CKD stage 4–5 patients not on dialysis
2021, Diabetes Research and Clinical PracticeCitation Excerpt :In advanced stages of CKD AAC may better depict the combined result of atherosclerosis due to traditional cardiovascular risk factors and uremic vascular calcification than cIMT and FMD. Furthermore, AAC has been associated with advanced atherosclerosis in multiple vascular sites and has, in fact, performed more consistently in predicting cardiovascular disease or events compared to cIMT or FMD as cardiovascular outcome data have been more in variable on these biomarkers [7–8,14,35–37]. However, in the present study both AAC and cIMT were associated with incident cardiovascular death during follow-up independent of diabetes.
Evaluating Multisite Atherosclerosis and its Progression: Ready for Prime Time?
2020, Journal of the American College of Cardiology
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Presented in part at the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions, November 2006.