Proton irradiation of [18O]O2: Production of [18F]F2 and [18F]F2 + [18F]OF2

https://doi.org/10.1016/0969-8051(95)02037-3Get rights and content

Abstract

The production of 18F electrophilic reagents via the 18O(p,n)18F reaction has been investigated in small-volume target bodies made of aluminum, copper, gold-plated copper and nickel, having straight or conical bore shapes. Three irradiation protocols—single-step, two-step and modified two-step—were used for the recovery of the 18F activity. The single-step irradiation protocol was tested in all the target bodies. Based on the single-step performance, aluminum targets were utilized extensively in the investigation of the two-step and modified two-step irradiation protocols. With an 11-MeV cyclotron and using the two-step irradiation protocol, >1Ci [18F]F2 was recovered reproducibly from an aluminum target body. Probable radical mechanisms for the formation of OF2 and FONO2 (fluorine nitrate) in the single-step and modified two-step targets are proposed based on the amount of ozone generated and the nitrogen impurity present in the target gases, respectively.

References (71)

  • A.D Roberts et al.

    Development of an improved target for [18F]F2 production

    Appl. Radiat. Isot.

    (1995)
  • T.J Ruth

    The production of 18F-F2 and 15O-O2 sequentially from the same target chamber

    Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot.

    (1985)
  • D.J Schlyer et al.

    Small angle multiple scattering of charged particles in cyclotron target foils—a comparison of experiment with simple theory

    Nucl. Instr. and Meth.

    (1991)
  • G Spahn et al.

    Angular straggling of heavy and light ions in thin solid foils

    Nucl. Instr. and Meth.

    (1975)
  • I.A Watson et al.

    A method for the measurement of the cross-sections for the production of radioisotopes by charged particles from a cyclotron

    Nucl. Instr. and Meth.

    (1973)
  • B.W Wieland et al.

    Charged particle penetration in gas targets designed for accelerator production of radionuclides used in nuclear medicine

    Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot.

    (1984)
  • A Arkell

    Matrix infrared studies of OF compounds. II. The O2F radical

    J. Am. Chem. Soc.

    (1965)
  • A Arkell et al.

    Matrix infrared studies of OF compounds. I. The OF radical

    J. Am. Chem. Soc.

    (1965)
  • G Bida et al.

    F-18 Production via low energy proton bombardment of 18O − O2 + F2

  • G.T Bida et al.

    The effect of target-gas purity on the chemical form of F-18 during 18F-F2 production using the neon/fluorine target

    J. Nucl. Med.

    (1980)
  • G.T Bida et al.

    [Fluorine-18]F2 production via low energy proton irradiation of [18O]O2 plus F2

  • A.J Bishop

    Production, Identification, and Characterization of 18F Labeled Electrophilic Fluorinating Agents from Low Volume Target Systems

  • J.A Blauer et al.

    The thermal dissociation of oxygen difluoride. I. Incident shock waves

    J. Phys. Chem.

    (1968)
  • B Brocklehurst et al.

    Reaction of nitrogen atoms in the gas phase

  • V Casella et al.

    Anhydrous F-18 labeled elemental fluorine for radiopharmaceutical preparation

    J. Nucl. Med.

    (1980)
  • H.-L Chen et al.

    Dissociation of fluorine by electron impact

    J. Appl. Phys.

    (1977)
  • N Colebourne et al.

    The reactions of hot fluorine-18 with gaseous carbon tetrafluoride

  • F.A Cotton et al.
  • V.H Dibeler et al.

    Ionization and dissociation of oxygen difluoride by electron impact

    J. Chem. Phys.

    (1957)
  • D.R Dixon et al.

    Multiple scattering of protons and deuterons by thick foils

    IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

    (1981)
  • R Foon et al.

    Kinetics of gaseous fluorine reactions

    Progr. Reaction Kinetics

    (1975)
  • R Gatti et al.

    Der photochemische zerfall des F2O

    Z. Phys. Chem.

    (1962)
  • Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry

  • Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie

  • C.T Goetschel et al.

    Low-temperature radiation chemistry. I. Preparation of oxygen fluorides and dioxygenyl tetrafluoroborate

    J. Am. Chem. Soc.

    (1969)
  • Cited by (28)

    View all citing articles on Scopus

    This work was supported in part by Department of Energy Grant DE-FC0387-ER60615, National Institutes of Health Grant PO1-NS-15654 and donations from the Jennifer Jones Simon and Ahmanson Foundations.

    View full text