Review articlePathogenesis of tuberculosis: pathway to apical localization
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2022, TuberculosisCitation Excerpt :Mycobacteria benefit from a VEGF-mediated, granuloma-induced angiogenic program that is ultimately VEGF-mediated and advantageous to mycobacteria. Despite significant efforts to understand the colonization of M.tb in the host tissues, cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in mycobacterial dissemination in cases of human infections remain poorly understood [17,18]. This study reports important processes in the physio-pathology of TB by investigating the role of angiogenic factors in mycobacterial spread among extra-pulmonary tuberculosis individuals and M. tb infected guinea pigs.
Serial measurement of M. tuberculosis in blood from critically-ill patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis
2022, eBioMedicineCitation Excerpt :Taken together, our results suggest that DMN-Tre microscopy of blood is an informative and novel tool providing single-cell phenotypic information relevant to patho-biology of severe HIV-associated TB – in particular, the mycobacterial response to antimicrobial exposure in vivo. Dissemination of bacilli via blood was considered a fundamental step in the natural history of TB in classical descriptions of infection from the pre-antimicrobial era.38–40 This is supported by contemporary pathophysiology studies.41,42
Modelling the effects of environmental heterogeneity within the lung on the tuberculosis life-cycle
2020, Journal of Theoretical BiologyCitation Excerpt :Thus, the bacteria that land in the lower regions must somehow disseminate to the apical regions, and the environment at the apex of the lungs must be preferential for cavitation to occur (Murray, 2003; Elkington and Friedland, 2015). It has been hypothesised that the environmental conditions within the lung contribute to these differences in localisation (Balasubramanian et al., 1994; Goodwin and Des Prez, 1983; Murray, 2003; Hunter et al., 2014), with factors such as the lower blood perfusion and higher oxygen tension at the apices compared to the basal regions (West, 2005a,b) believed to contribute to M. tuberculosis proliferation there. But exactly how each of these factors influences the progression of the disease is not well understood.