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Neuroimmunological aspects of human T cell leukemia virus type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis

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Abstract

Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a human retrovirus etiologically associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Only approximately 0.25–4 % of infected individuals develop HAM/TSP; the majority of infected individuals remain lifelong asymptomatic carriers. Recent data suggest that immunological aspects of host–virus interactions might play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of HAM/TSP. This review outlines and discusses the current understanding, ongoing developments, and future perspectives of HAM/TSP research.

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Acknowledgment

The author thanks the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan (Health Labour Sciences Research Grant on Intractable Disease, ref H22-013 and H23-126) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, ref 21590512 and 24590556), and the Novartis Foundation (Japan) for the Promotion of Science for financial supports.

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  1. Department of Microbiology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan

    Mineki Saito

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Saito, M. Neuroimmunological aspects of human T cell leukemia virus type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. J. Neurovirol. 20, 164–174 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-013-0192-8

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