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Recent advances using green and red fluorescent protein variants

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Abstract

Fluorescent proteins have proven to be excellent tools for live-cell imaging. In addition to green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants, recent progress has led to the development of monomeric red fluorescent proteins (mRFPs) that show improved properties with respect to maturation, brightness, and the monomeric state. This review considers green and red spectral variants, their paired use for live-cell imaging in vivo, in vitro, and in fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) studies, in addition to other recent “two-color” advances including photoswitching and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). It will be seen that green and red fluorescent proteins now exist with nearly ideal properties for dual-color microscopy and FRET.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB466 to A. M.-T.).

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  1. Institut für Zellbiologie (ABI), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schillerstr. 42, 80336, München, Germany

    Annette Müller-Taubenberger

  2. Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK

    Kurt I. Anderson

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Correspondence to Annette Müller-Taubenberger.

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Müller-Taubenberger, A., Anderson, K.I. Recent advances using green and red fluorescent protein variants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 77, 1–12 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-007-1131-5

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