Regular ArticleIntroduction: HIV co-receptors solve old questions and raise many new ones
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HIV coreceptors: Role of structure, posttranslational modifications, and internalization in viral-cell fusion and as targets for entry inhibitors
2003, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - BiomembranesCitation Excerpt :Therefore, CCR5 and CXCR4 are considered the major HIV coreceptors; CD4 is now termed the primary receptor, as this molecule is where the initial contact is made between the virus envelope surface (SU) component, gp120, and the cell. With the determination that the major determinant of viral tropism is the envelope gene and major restriction of viral infectivity is at the level of entry, a simplified nomenclature for viral phenotype was proposed [11]. A virus that uses CCR5 for entry is termed R5, one that uses CXCR4 for entry is termed X4, and one that uses both is classified as R5X4.
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