Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of PD and Control Subjects
| Characteristic | PD (n = 30) | Control (n = 30) | Statistical significance |
| Age (y) | 66.0 ± 6.2 | 62.0 ± 10.3 | t = 1.8; NS |
| Sex | χ2 = 1.9; NS | ||
| Male | 23 | 18 | |
| Female | 7 | 12 | |
| Handedness | χ2 = 0.16; NS | ||
| Right | 27 | 26 | |
| Left | 3 | 4 | |
| Bradykinesia subcore* | 10.7 ± 6.2 | — | — |
| MDS-UPDRS (part I) | 5.2 ± 17.8 | — | — |
| MDS-UPDRS (part II) | 5.8 ± 3.6 | ||
| MDS-UPDRS (part III) | 32.4 ± 14.4 | — | — |
| MDS-UPDRS (I–III) total score | 43.4 ± 17.8 | — | — |
| Hoehn and Yahr stage | 2.1 ± 0.6 | — | — |
| Median | 2 | ||
| Range | 1–3 | ||
| Motor disease duration (y) | 6.4 ± 4.0 | — | — |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment | 27.7 ± 2.0 | ||
| Levodopa-equivalent dose | 573.6 ± 351.1 |
↵* Derived from MDS-UPDRS (part III).
NS = not statistically significant.
Qualitative data are numbers; continuous data are mean ± SD, unless otherwise indicated.