Demographic, Clinical, and Radiologic Characteristics of Patients and HCs
| Characteristic | HC | RR | SP | PP |
| Number | 19 | 11 | 14 | 12 |
| Age (y), mean ± SD | 46.6 ± 14.3 | 42.6 ± 13.3 | 52.4 ± 9.3 | 47.0 ± 10.3 |
| Sex (n) | ||||
| Female | 13 | 8 | 10 | 3 |
| Male | 6 | 3 | 4 | 9 |
| Genotype (n) | ||||
| MAB | 10 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| HAB | 9 | 7 | 9 | 6 |
| Disease duration (y), mean ± SD | — | 6.7 ± 4.4 | 12.9 ± 6.0 | 6.7 ± 2.9 |
| EDSS, median | — | 3.5 (range, 2–6) | 6 (range, 3.5–7.5) | 6 (range, 3–7.5) |
| EDSS step change, median | — | 1 (range, 0–2.5) | 1 (range, 0–4.5) | 1 (range, 0–2) |
| T2 lesion load (cm3), mean ± SD | — | 11.1 ± 7.3 | 14.6 ± 8.7 | 16.0 ± 16.4 |
| BH lesion load (cm3), mean ± SD | — | 1.0 ± 1.2 | 3.0 ± 3.2 | 2.8 ± 5.5 |
| Disease-modifying treatment (n) | — | |||
| Untreated | 1 | 7 | 11 | |
| Immunomodulator | 5 | 2 | 0 | |
| Immunosuppressor | 5 | 5 | 1 |