Patient Data
| Diagnosis | Age at diagnosis (y) | T1DM duration (y) | HbA1c | Fasting levels before PET scan | C-peptide (ng/mL)* | Proinsulin (pM)* | ||||||
| C-peptide (ng/dL) | Blood glucose (mg/dL) | Baseline (−5 to 0 min) | Acute phase (2–10 min minus baseline) | Steady-state (100–120 min) | Maximal glycemic potentiation) (120–122 min) | Baseline (−5 to 0 min) | Steady-state (100–120 min) | Maximal glycemic potentiation) (120–122 min) | ||||
| T1DM | 14 | 16 | 5.3 | 0 | 135 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 |
| T1DM | 9 | 17 | 7.7 | 0 | 169 | 0 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 3.1 |
| T1DM | 35 | 19 | 7.2 | 0.05 | 141 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.0 | 3.8 | 6.3 |
| T1DM | 7 | 17 | 5.9 | 0 | 145 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 5.5 |
| T1DM | 35 | 14 | 7.8 | 0 | 217 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| T1DM | 2 | 30 | 11.1 | 0 | 147 | |||||||
| T1DM | 8 | 14 | 7.6 | 0.38 | 95 | |||||||
| HC | NA | NA | 0.86 | 1.5 | 7.4 | 5.6 | 10.5 | 60.4 | 77.5 | |||
| HC | NA | NA | 78 | 1.21 | 2.5 | 11.5 | 9.7 | 8.5 | 51.8 | 68.0 | ||
| HC | NA | NA | 87 | |||||||||
| HC | NA | NA | 70 | |||||||||
| HC | NA | NA | 72 | |||||||||
| HC | NA | NA | 85 | |||||||||
HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c, in percentage (%); NA = not applicable; empty cells = data not available.
↵* C-peptide release and proinsulin data are from plasma samples during glucose clamp studies for HC (n = 2) and T1DM individuals (n = 5). For C-peptide, values < 0.02 were undetectable and listed as 0 ng/mL. For proinsulin, values < 2.0 were undetectable and listed as 1 pM.