TABLE 1

α-Emitters for Radiotherapy, Together with Their Decay Progeny

ParentDaughterst½α-decayα-energy (MeV)Other emissionRadiochemistryFree isotope accumulationStudy
211At*7.2 h42%5.87Tin precursor, prosthetic groupThyroid, stomach, spleen, lung(15)
211Po0.52 s100%7.45Kα x-rays (77–92 keV)
207Bi38 y100% electron capture
207PoStable
225Ac*9.9 d100%5.94DOTA, DO3A chelatorLiver, bone(21,56)
221Fr4.9 m100%6.45218 keV γKidneys, urine
217At32.3 ms>99.9%7.20
213Bi*45.6 m2.2%5.87492 keV β (97.8%); 440 keV γCHX-A″-DTPA, DOTA, NETAKidneys, urine(50)
213Po3.72 μs100%8.38
209Tl2.16 m660 keV β (100%)
209Pb3.23 h198 keV β (100%)
209BiStable
227Th*18.7 d100%6.1450 and 236 keV γDOTA, Me-3,2-HOPOBone surface(25)
223Ra*11.4 d100%5.71269 keV γBone surface(57)
219Rn3.96 s100%6.82271 keV γ
215Po1.78 ms>99.9%7.39
211Pb36.1 m471 keV β (100%); 404 keV γBlood, liver, skeleton, kidneys(58)
211Bi2.14 m99.7%6.62172 keV β (0.3%); 351 keV γKidneys, urine(58)
207Tl4.77 m492 keV β (100%)
207PbStable
224Ra*3.63 d100%5.69241 keV γBone surface(30)
220Rn55.6 s100%6.29
216Po0.15 s100%6.78
212Pb*10.6 h93.5 keV β (100%); 238 and 300 keV γTCMCBlood, liver, skeleton, kidneys(31,32)
212Bi*60.6 m36%6.05834 keV β (64%); 727 and 1,620 keV γCHX-A″-DTPA, DOTA, NETAKidneys, urine(32)
212Po0.30 μs100%8.78
208Tl3.1 m342, 441, 535, and 649 keV β (100%); 2,614 keV γ
208PbStable
  • * α-emitters of interest.

  • Daughters with redistribution potency.

  • DO3A = 2,2′,2′′-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triyl)triacetate.